Irregular verbs ~19 min of the core left

Review 2 (lessons 7–11)

Start the lesson Core 17–19 min · steps: 4 · optional: +1

Declared core time. Two of the core blocks carry no figure at all, so the real lesson is longer than this sum.

Irregular verbs

4 min

Ten new ones, with three forms:

build — built — built (make a house, a bridge) catch — caught — caught (take in your hands; get on in time) cost — cost — cost (have a price)
shine — shone — shone (give light) grow — grew — grown (get bigger; raise plants) hold — held — held (have in your hand)
keep — kept — kept (not give away; continue) learn — learnt — learnt (get knowledge; find out) sell — sold — sold (give for money)
send — sent — sent (post, email)
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Tricky point

3 min

Shall I…? / Shall we…? — offering help or suggesting doing something together.

Shall I open the window? do you want me to open the window?
Shall I help you? do you want me to help you?
Shall we go? a suggestion: let's go?

shall is used almost only in this pattern, and almost only with I and we. Spanish (¿Abro la ventana?), Italian and French make this offer with the simple present. English does not: ✗ I open the window? → ✓ Shall I open the window?

Compare it with what you already know: Can I help you? — I offer myself as a possibility; Shall I help you? — I ask whether you need it.

Exercises on lessons 7–11

10–12 min

1. Mixed gap fill.

  1. This bag is (cheap) than that one
  2. São Paulo is (big) city in Brazil
  3. The phone is ringing — I answer it
  4. You smoke here — it's forbidden
  5. You look tired. You take a holiday
Show the answers
cheaper, the biggest, will, mustn't, should.

2. Error correction.

  1. This is more bigger.
  2. São Paulo is biggest city.
  3. I will to help you.
  4. I must to go.
  5. I am agree with you.
  6. You mustn't come tomorrow. (it isn't necessary)
Show the answers
This is bigger. / São Paulo is the biggest city. / I will help you. / I must go. / I agree with you. / You don't have to come tomorrow.

3. Multiple choice.

  1. I (meet) Tom at five — we agreed on it
  2. It's cold — I close the window
  3. I visit my sister next week — I decided last month
Show the answers
am meeting, will, am going to.

4. Matching.

  1. You mustn't go.
  2. You don't have to go.
  3. You should go.
Show the answers
`You mustn't go.` — forbidden; `You don't have to go.` — not necessary; `You should go.` — advice.
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Summary

Covered

  • lessons 7–11 in full
  • sixty irregular verbs in the course so far

Next — lesson 13: how much and how many.

End of the core

The lesson counts as done once the exercises are done. Everything after this is optional.

Lesson 49

optional

Mini production

Talk aloud and then write down eight sentences: compare two things, name the best thing in your city, talk about your plans for the weekend and the rules at your work, and give a friend some advice.

Checklist before lesson 13:

  • no double comparative, and is there than after the comparative?
  • is there the before the superlative?
  • is an arrangement in the Present Continuous, an intention with going to, a decision now with will?
  • is a ban with mustn't, and no obligation with don't have to?
  • is there no to after will, must, should?
The draft is saved on this device
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Practise this lesson in the other sections

Dictationbased on this lesson Write down what you hear. The check shows every word that differs, and how. Write the dictation Reading aloudbased on this lesson Read the lesson text aloud — speech recognition highlights the words it did not catch. Read the text aloud Reading and listeningA1–C1 Texts at every level with comprehension questions; the transcript opens after you answer. Try it

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