Povedati, kako se kaj dela
Znam povedati, kako točno nekdo nekaj dela, in tega ne zamenjam z opisom same osebe.
Navedeni čas jedra. Dva bloka jedra nimata številke, zato je prava lekcija daljša od te vsote.
Slovnica
4 minPrislov načina nastane iz pridevnika s končnico -ly.
| pridevnik | prislov |
|---|---|
| slow | slowly |
| quick | quickly |
| careful | carefully |
| quiet | quietly |
| happy | happily (y → ily) |
Pridevnik opisuje stvar ali osebo, prislov — dejanje. To sta različni besedi:
| He is a slow driver. | Kakšen je. |
| He drives slowly. | Kako nekaj dela. |
Štiri besede pravilu ne sledijo:
| good → well | He speaks English well. |
| fast → fast | She works fast. |
| hard → hard | They work hard. |
| late → late | I came late. |
Mesto prislova: za glagolom, če pa je v povedi predmet — za predmetom. ✓ He speaks English well, ne pa He speaks well English — prepoved iz A1 #7.
Napake govorcev slovenščine
prirejeno za vaš jezikPrislov med glagolom in predmetom
✗ He speaks well English
✓ He speaks English well
„Govori dobro angleško“ je povsem naraven slovenski red, ki se prenese beseda za besedo (A1 #7).
Pridevnik namesto prislova
✗ He speaks English good
✗ Drive slow
✓ He speaks English well
Drive slowly. Slovenski prislov je pogosto enak pridevniku v srednjem spolu — „dobro vino“ in „govori dobro“, „hitro kolo“ in „vozi hitro“ —, zato se zdi, da posebna oblika ni potrebna. Angleščina jo zahteva: -ly, iz good pa well.
-ly tudi pri izjemah
✗ She works fastly, ✗ She works very hardly → ✓ She works fast, She works very hard. Slovenščina tvori prislov skoraj iz vsakega pridevnika (hiter → hitro, trd → trdo), zato se -ly doda povsod. hardly sicer obstaja, a pomeni „komaj“.
Izgovorjava
3 minKončnica -ly je nenaglašena in ne spremeni naglasa besede: carefully, quickly, happily. Naglas ostane tam, kjer je v pridevniku.
hard /hɑːd/ in well /wel/ — prislova brez -ly, enozložna; na koncu povedi pade glavni naglas nanju: He works hard, She speaks English well.
Besedilo
3 minMy colleague works very fast, but he doesn't always work carefully. He speaks English well and he speaks it quickly — sometimes too quickly for me. Yesterday he came late and left early. I work slowly, but I check everything twice.
Vaje
8–10 min1. Tvori prislov.
- slow →
- careful →
- quick →
- happy →
- good →
- fast →
Prikaži odgovore
2. Izbira.
- He is a driver. (slow / slowly)
- He drives . (slow / slowly)
- She speaks English . (good / well)
- It was a film. (good / well)
Prikaži odgovore
3. Iskanje napak.
- He speaks English good.
- He speaks well English.
- She works very hardly. (hardly pomeni „komaj“)
Prikaži odgovore
4. Besedni red.
Tapnite besede po vrsti.Prikaži odgovore
Povzetek
Obravnavano
- prislovi na -ly
- štiri izjeme
- razlika med pridevnikom in prislovom
- mesto prislova
Sledi lekcija 16: potovanje.
Konec jedra
Lekcija se šteje za opravljeno, ko so vaje končane. Vse po tem je izbirno.
izbirno
Besedišče za kartice
12 besed- slowly /ˈsləʊli/ počasi
- quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ hitro
- carefully /ˈkeəfəli/ pozorno, previdno
- quietly /ˈkwaɪətli/ tiho
- well /wel/ dobro
- fast /fɑːst/ hitro; hiter
- hard /hɑːd/ pridno, trdo; težek
- loudly /ˈlaʊdli/ glasno
- check /tʃek/ preveriti
- badly /ˈbædli/ slabo
- politely /pəˈlaɪtli/ vljudno
- drive /draɪv/ voziti avto
Pisanje
Štiri povedi o tem, kako dela ali govori kdo izmed tvojih znancev.
Zgled
My colleague works very fast, but not always carefully. He speaks English well. Yesterday he came late. I work slowly, but I check everything twice.
Kontrolni seznam
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