Povedati „nekdo“, „nekaj“, „nikjer“
Znam govoriti o neznani osebi, stvari ali kraju in pravilno tvoriti zanikanje.
Navedeni čas jedra. Dva bloka jedra nimata številke, zato je prava lekcija daljša od te vsote.
Slovnica
5 minZložene besede so sestavljene iz dveh delov: some / any / no / every + body / thing / where.
| oseba | stvar | kraj | |
|---|---|---|---|
| some- | somebody, someone | something | somewhere |
| any- | anybody, anyone | anything | anywhere |
| no- | nobody, no one | nothing | nowhere |
| every- | everybody, everyone | everything | everywhere |
Pravilo izbire je isto kot pri some in any v lekciji A1 #15:
| trditev | Somebody called you. / I saw something. |
| vprašanje | Is there anybody here? / Do you want anything? |
| zanikanje | I didn't see anybody. = I saw nobody. |
nobody, nothing, nowhere že vsebujejo zanikanje, zato glagol ostane trdilen: I saw nothing, ne I didn't see nothing.
Glagol za njimi je vedno v ednini: Everybody is here, Nothing is ready. Slovensko „vsi“ je množina, in to zmede.
Napake govorcev slovenščine
prirejeno za vaš jezikDvojno zanikanje
✗ I didn't see nobody → ✓ I didn't see anybody ali I saw nobody. Slovenščina dvojno zanikanje zahteva („nikogar nisem videl“), angleščina ga prepoveduje: eno zanikanje na poved. Ista past kot z never v A1 #11, tu pa se sproži najpogosteje. Enako z nowhere: „ključev ne najdem nikjer“ → ✗ I can't find my keys nowhere → ✓ I can't find my keys anywhere.
nobody + didn't
✗ Nobody didn't answer
✓ Nobody answered
V „nihče ni odgovoril“ ima slovenščina zanikanje tudi pri glagolu, nobody na začetku povedi pa je že zanikanje, zato glagol ostane trdilen.
Množina za everybody
✗ Everybody are here
✓ Everybody is here
Slovensko „vsi so tukaj“ vleče k are. Misli na everybody kot na „vsakdo“: „vsakdo je tukaj“.
Izgovorjava
3 minNaglas v zloženih besedah pade na PRVI del: SOMEbody, ANYthing, NOwhere, EVERYone.
Drugi del se izgovori šibko: -body → /bədi/, -thing → /θɪŋ/ z istim nosnim glasom /ŋ/ kot v A1 #19.
Besedilo
3 minSomebody called you this morning, but they didn't leave a message.
Did they say anything?
Nothing. I asked, but nobody answered.
Is there anybody in the office now?
No, everybody has gone home. There's nobody here.
I can't find my keys anywhere.
Vaje
8–10 min1. Vstavljanje.
- called you this morning
- Is there in the office?
- has gone home — the office is empty
- I asked, but answered
Prikaži odgovore
2. Vstavljanje.
- Did they say ?
- I saw interesting yesterday
- There is in the fridge — it's empty
Prikaži odgovore
3. Iskanje napak.
- I didn't see nobody.
- Everybody are here.
- I can't find my keys nowhere.
Prikaži odgovore
4. Povezovanje.
- somewhere
- somebody
- something
Prikaži odgovore
Povzetek
Obravnavano
- zložene besede na some- / any- / no- / every-
- pravilo some / any / no
- prepoved dvojnega zanikanja
- ednina za everybody
Sledi lekcija 15: kako se kaj dela.
Konec jedra
Lekcija se šteje za opravljeno, ko so vaje končane. Vse po tem je izbirno.
izbirno
Besedišče za kartice
12 besed- anywhere /ˈeniweə/ kjerkoli, kje
- anybody /ˈenibədi/ kdorkoli, kdo
- nobody /ˈnəʊbədi/ nihče
- everybody /ˈevribədi/ vsi, vsakdo
- something /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/ nekaj
- anything /ˈeniθɪŋ/ karkoli, kaj
- nowhere /ˈnəʊweə/ nikjer
- everywhere /ˈevriweə/ povsod
- message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ sporočilo
- key /kiː/ ključ
- empty /ˈempti/ prazen
- ask /ɑːsk/ vprašati
Pisanje
Štiri povedi o današnjem jutru, s štirimi različnimi zloženimi besedami.
Zgled
Somebody called me this morning. They didn't say anything. There was nobody in the office at eight. Now everybody is here.
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