Povedati, koliko česa je
Znam povedati, da je česa veliko, malo ali dovolj, in se pritožiti, da je česa preveč.
Navedeni čas jedra. Dva bloka jedra nimata številke, zato je prava lekcija daljša od te vsote.
Slovnica
5 minmuch in many si delo delita po istem merilu kot v lekciji A1 #15: ali štejemo ali ne.
| s čim | primer | |
|---|---|---|
| many | števni samostalniki | many books, many people |
| much | neštevni samostalniki | much water, much time |
V trdilni povedi pa navadno rečemo a lot of: much se tam skoraj ne pojavlja, many redkeje.
| ✓ I have a lot of work. | trditev |
| ✓ I don't have much work. | zanikanje |
| ✓ How much work do you have? | vprašanje |
a lot of velja za števne in za neštevne samostalnike — to je najvarnejša izbira.
„Nekaj, malo“ — dve besedi, izbira pa je enaka:
| s čim | pomen | |
|---|---|---|
| a few | števni samostalniki | nekaj, nekoliko (a vendarle je) |
| a little | neštevni samostalniki | malo, nekoliko (a vendarle je) |
Preveč in dovolj:
| too much work / too many books | preveč |
| enough time / enough books | dovolj |
| not enough money | premalo, ni dovolj |
too pomeni samo „preveč“, torej slabo, ne „zelo“: too expensive, a very interesting (A1 #18).
enough stoji ZA pridevnikom, a PRED samostalnikom: old enough, a enough money.
Napake govorcev slovenščine
prirejeno za vaš jezikmuch v trdilni povedi
✗ I have much work
✓ I have a lot of work
Slovenska „veliko“ in „mnogo“ sta enaka v vseh povedih, angleščina pa v trditvi reče a lot of.
information v množini
✗ many informations → ✓ a lot of information (v vprašanju in zanikanju much information). V slovenščini so „informacije“ navadno v množini, v angleščini pa je information neštevni samostalnik kot water: brez -s, z is, brez many. Enako money: ✗ many money → ✓ a lot of money.
too namesto very
✗ This book is too interesting (v pomenu „zelo“) → ✓ very interesting. V pogovorni slovenščini „pre-“ in „preveč“ pogosto samo okrepita pomen — „prelepo“, „preveč dobro“ —, too pa je vedno „preveč“, torej slabo. Nadaljevanje zahtevne teme iz A1 #18.
enough pred pridevnikom
✗ He isn't enough old
✓ He isn't old enough
Slovensko „dovolj star“ ima „dovolj“ spredaj, angleški enough pa stoji za pridevnikom.
Izgovorjava
3 minof je v tekočem govoru /əv/, pogosto samo /ə/: a lot of work zveni kot /ə ˈlɒtə wɜːk/, a couple of days — /ə ˈkʌplə deɪz/.
enough /ɪˈnʌf/ — z naglasom na drugem zlogu in z glasom /f/ na koncu: črki gh se tu bereta kot /f/, za razliko od bought in thought, kjer sta nemi.
Besedilo
3 minI have a lot of work this month, but I don't have much free time. There are too many emails every morning — about a hundred. I have a few days of holiday in May and a little money in the bank, so I'm going to travel. It isn't enough for a long trip, but it's enough for a week.
Vaje
8–10 min1. Vstavljanje.
- I have work today
- I don't have time
- How books do you have?
- There are people here
Prikaži odgovore
2. Vstavljanje.
- I have days of holiday
- There is milk in the fridge
- I know words in Spanish
Prikaži odgovore
3. Iskanje napak.
- I have much work.
- There are many informations.
- This book is too interesting. (v pomenu „zelo“)
Prikaži odgovore
4. Vstavljanje.
- I have emails — about two hundred
- Is there time for a coffee?
- There is work and not people
Prikaži odgovore
Povzetek
Obravnavano
- much / many / a lot of
- a few / a little
- too much / too many
- enough
Sledi lekcija 14: nekdo, nekaj, nikjer.
Konec jedra
Lekcija se šteje za opravljeno, ko so vaje končane. Vse po tem je izbirno.
izbirno
Besedišče za kartice
12 besed- a lot of /ə ˈlɒt əv/ mnogo
- a few /ə ˈfjuː/ nekaj, nekoliko
- a little /ə ˈlɪtl/ malo, nekoliko
- enough /ɪˈnʌf/ dovolj
- email /ˈiːmeɪl/ e-sporočilo, e-pošta
- information /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃn/ informacije, podatki
- time /taɪm/ čas
- trip /trɪp/ potovanje, izlet
- bank /bæŋk/ banka
- couple /ˈkʌpl/ par
- free time /friː ˈtaɪm/ prosti čas
- about /əˈbaʊt/ približno
Pisanje
Štiri povedi: česa imaš veliko, česa malo, česa preveč in česa dovolj.
Zgled
I have a lot of work this month. I don't have much free time. There are too many emails every day. I have enough money for a short holiday.
Kontrolni seznam
Vadite to lekcijo v drugih razdelkih
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