Gramatika ~20 min jezgre preostalo

Reći gdje sam bio ili bila

Nakon ove lekcije možete

Mogu reći gdje sam bio ili bila jučer i što je ondje bilo.

Započni lekciju Jezgra 18–20 min · koraci: 6 · neobavezno: +2

Navedeno vrijeme jezgre. Dva bloka jezgre nemaju brojku, pa je stvarna lekcija duža od ovog zbroja.

Gramatika

4 min

Glagol be u prošlom vremenu ima samo dva oblika:

I / he / she / it was
you / we / they were
I was at home yesterday. Jučer sam bio kod kuće.
They were in Italy last summer. Prošlog ljeta bili su u Italiji.
Were you at work? Jesi li bio na poslu?
I wasn't at home. Nisam bio kod kuće.

There was i there were — isto što i there is / there are iz lekcije 13, samo u prošlom vremenu: There was a café here, There were two shops on this street.

Riječi prošlog vremena: yesterday, last week, last year, two days ago, in 2020.

Oglas

Pogreške izvornih govornika hrvatskoga

prilagođeno vašem jeziku
1

was umjesto were i obrnuto

✗ You was at home

✓ You were at home

U hrvatskom se „ti si bio“ i „vi ste bili“ razlikuju po broju, pa se za jednu osobu („ti“) nameće jednina was. No u engleskom you uvijek traži were, i kad se obraćaš jednoj osobi.

2

Bez subjekta, kao u hrvatskom

✗ Was at home yesterday → ✓ I was at home yesterday; ✗ Was cold → ✓ It was cold. Hrvatsko „Jučer sam bio kod kuće“ ne treba zamjenicu jer je lice u glagolu, a „Bilo je hladno“ uopće nema subjekta. Engleskoj rečenici subjekt (I, it, they) treba uvijek.

3

Red riječi s ago

✗ ago two days

✗ before two days

✓ two days ago

Hrvatsko „prije dva dana“ ima „prije“ ispred broja, pa ago lako odluta naprijed ili se zamijeni s before. Engleski ago uvijek stoji iza broja: two days ago, a year ago.

Izgovor

3 min

was i were u govornom nizu su slabi: /wəz/ i /wə/. Naglašeni postaju samo u kratkom odgovoru i u niječnici: Yes, I was, I wasn't.

Upravo zato I was at home na sluh zvuči gotovo kao jedna riječ, /aɪ wəz ət ˈhəʊm/ — to je normalno.

Oglas

Tekst

3 min

Yesterday I was at home. The weather was cold and it was raining. My sister was at work. She wasn't at home in the evening. Last summer we were in Italy. The weather was hot and sunny. There was a small café next to our hotel. There were a lot of people on the beach.

Čitanje naglas

Vježbe

8–10 min

1. Dopunjavanje.

  1. I at home yesterday
  2. They in Italy last summer
  3. You at work
  4. The weather cold
Prikaži odgovore
was, were, were, was.

2. Dopunjavanje.

  1. a café on this street
  2. two shops here
  3. a lot of people in the park
Prikaži odgovore
There was, There were, There were.

3. Pronalaženje pogreške.

  1. You was at home.
  2. Was at work yesterday.
  3. I was there ago two days.
Prikaži odgovore
You were at home; I was at work yesterday. / He was at work yesterday. / She was at work yesterday. / Yesterday I was at work; I was there two days ago.

4. Povezivanje.

  1. yesterday
  2. last year
  3. two days ago
  4. now
Prikaži odgovore
`yesterday`, `last year`, `two days ago` — u prošlosti; `now` — sada.
Oglas

Sažetak

Obrađeno

  • was i were
  • there was / there were
  • riječi prošlog vremena

Slijedi lekcija 28: ispričati kako je prošao vikend.

Kraj jezgre

Lekcija se računa kao završena nakon vježbi. Sve nakon toga je neobavezno.

Lekcija 28

neobavezno

Riječi za kartice

12 riječi
  • yesterday /ˈjestədeɪ/ jučer
  • last /lɑːst/ prošli
  • ago /əˈɡəʊ/ prije
  • week /wiːk/ tjedan
  • month /mʌnθ/ mjesec
  • year /jɪə/ godina
  • holiday /ˈhɒlədeɪ/ odmor, praznici
  • people /ˈpiːpl/ ljudi
  • a lot of /ə ˈlɒt əv/ puno (čega), mnogo (čega)
  • beach /biːtʃ/ plaža
  • sea /siː/ more
  • mountain /ˈmaʊntɪn/ planina

Pisanje

Četiri rečenice: gdje si bio ili bila jučer, gdje prošlog ljeta i kakvo je bilo vrijeme.

Uzorak

Yesterday I was at home. The weather was cold. Last summer I was in Italy. It was hot and sunny.

Kontrolna lista

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Oglas

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Diktatna temelju ove lekcije Zapišite što čujete. Provjera pokazuje svaku riječ koja se razlikuje i kako. Pišite diktat Čitanje naglasna temelju ove lekcije Pročitajte tekst lekcije naglas — prepoznavanje govora označit će riječi koje nije uhvatilo. Čitajte tekst naglas Čitanje i slušanjeA1–C1 Tekstovi na svakoj razini s pitanjima za razumijevanje; transkript se otvara nakon odgovora. Probajte

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