语法 剩余核心内容 ~52 分钟

说出那个时候我将在做什么

完成本课后你将能够

能说出将来某个时刻我正在做什么,也能礼貌地询问对方的计划。

开始课程 核心 52 分钟 · 步骤:6 · 可选:+2

标注的核心时长。核心模块中有两项未标注时长,因此实际课时比总和更长。

语法

14 分钟

在第5课里,将来有五种形式,每一种回答的都是“会发生什么?”。有时需要说的是另一件事:不是会发生什么,而是在某个时刻正在进行什么。“明天十点,我正在大海上空飞着呢。”英语为此有将来进行时(Future Continuous)。它是过去进行时(A2 第2课)的孪生兄弟:那里是过去的背景(At ten I was flying),这里是将来的背景(At ten I'll be flying)。

形式:will be + 带 -ing 的动词。 will 和 be 对所有人称都一样,变化的只有实义动词。

肯定句 I'll be working all day tomorrow.
否定句 She won't be coming to the meeting. (won't = will not)
疑问句 Will you be using the car tonight?
简短回答 Yes, I will. / No, I won't.

简短回答里不重复 be 和 -ing:只说 will 或 won't。副词 probably、still、 definitely 放在 will 和 be 之间:I'll probably be working late. 否定句里 probably 移到前面,放在 won't 之前:I probably won't be working on Friday.

什么时候用。

第一种情况——将来某个说出的时刻正在进行的过程。这个时刻通常直接说出来:at ten tomorrow、this time tomorrow(“明天这个时候”)、this time next week、all day on Saturday。Don't call at six — I'll be driving. 电话会打在我开车的途中:那时我正在开车。过程也可以占满整段时间:I'll be working all day on Saturday——整个星期六都要用来工作。

第二种情况——礼貌地询问计划:Will you be using the printer this afternoon? 我们问的是对方这一天会怎么过,并不给对方压力。Will you use the printer? 听起来像在问对方的决定,很容易被听成请求,甚至是责备。所以在单位、酒店、商店里,问别人的计划时用进行形式:Will you be paying by card? 为什么进行形式更礼貌?它问的不是“您打算怎么决定?”,而是“您那时会在做什么?”。对方不需要为了你作任何决定:他只是说说自己的安排。而你知道了他的计划以后,如果他不介意,就可以提出请求:Will you be using the car tonight? If not, could I borrow it?

否定句也有同样的语气差别。I won't come to the meeting——“我不来”,像是拒绝:不想来。 I won't be coming to the meeting——平静地告知:事情就是这么安排的。

和一般将来时(简单的 will)比较。 区别和一般过去时与过去进行时之间的区别一样:

At eight we'll have dinner. 八点我们开始吃晚饭:晚饭八点开始。
At eight we'll be having dinner. 八点我们正在吃晚饭:那时晚饭已经在进行了。

和现在进行时比较。 I'm meeting Anna at six——约定(第5课):见面的时间已经定好。 At half past six I'll be sitting in a café with Anna——那一刻的画面:那时我正在做什么。两者常常放在一起说:先说计划,再说画面。

状态动词(第4课)不用将来进行时。know、like、want 以及表示“拥有”的 have 只用简单的 will:This time next year I'll know much more.

更多例句:

This time tomorrow I'll be sitting in an exam. 明天这个时候,我正坐在考场里。
We'll be living in Leeds this time next year. 明年这个时候,我们已经住在利兹了。
Will you be staying for dinner? 您留下来吃晚饭吗?——礼貌地问计划
I won't be working on Friday. 星期五我不上班。

不能这样说。 ✗ Will you be come tomorrow? → ✓ Will you be coming tomorrow? be 后面要用带 -ing 的动词,而不是原形。

自我检测。 “明天九点我正在开车去上班”英语怎么说?I won't come 和 I won't be coming 有什么区别?为什么不能说 I'll be knowing the results tomorrow?

显示答案
At nine tomorrow I'll be driving to work(或者 travelling to work); 前一句听起来像拒绝,后一句是平静地告知事情会怎样安排; know 是状态动词,要说 I'll know the results tomorrow.
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中文母语者的常见错误

已针对你的语言编写
1

说过程时只用 will。

Don't call at six — I'll drive 在英语里听起来像一个决定: “好吧,我来开车。”要说“六点我正在开车”,得说 ✓ Don't call at six — I'll be driving。汉语表示过程用“正在”,表示将来常用“会”,两者很少连在一起说,于是翻译时只想到 will, “正在”的意思就丢了。

2

少了 be 或 -ing。

✗ I'll flying to London at ten → ✓ I'll be flying to London at ten; ✗ Will you be come tomorrow? → ✓ Will you be coming tomorrow? 汉语的“正在”只是加一个词,动词本身不变。英语的这个结构却有三部分:will、be 和带 -ing 的动词,少了哪一部分都不行。这和 going to 漏掉 be 是同一个问题(A1 第32课)。

3

tomorrow this time。

✗ Tomorrow this time I'll be flying to Edinburgh

✓ This time tomorrow I'll be flying to Edinburgh

。汉语说“明天这个时候”,先说哪一天,再说时刻,于是逐字译成 tomorrow this time。英语的固定说法是 this time tomorrow、 this time next week。

4

问别人计划时用简单的 will。

Will you use the car tonight? 不算错,但听起来像你自己想用车,或者有点不满。中性的问法是 ✓ Will you be using the car tonight? 汉语“你今晚要用车吗?”本身就很中性,“要”顺手译成 will,英语简单形式的这层意味就容易被忽略。

发音

3 分钟

'll be 一口气读出:/l bi/。 I'll be working /aɪl bi ˈwɜːkɪŋ/。I'll 是一个音节,结尾是“暗 l”:舌尖抵住上齿龈,不要把 will 完整读出来,也不要在 /l/ 后面加一个元音。重音落在实义动词上。

在 Will you be…? 这个问句里,前三个词都不重读: /wɪl jə bi/。 Will you be using the car? /wɪl jə bi ˈjuːzɪŋ ðə ˈkɑː/。重读的是 using 和 car,句末语调上升,和所有一般疑问句一样。

won't be 读作 /wəʊnt bi/: /b/ 前面的 /t/ 几乎听不见,但元音仍然是长的 /əʊ/。 won't 和 want 就靠这个元音区分(第5课)。

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课文

5 分钟

Are you around next week? I need to ask you a favour.

Not really, I'm afraid. I'll be travelling most of the week. I'm flying to Edinburgh on Monday for a conference.

Oh. Will you be using your car next week?

No, it'll be sitting in the garage all week. I'll be taking the train to the airport. Do you want to borrow it?

That would be amazing. My parents are visiting, and I'd like to take them to the coast.

Of course. Just don't phone me on Tuesday morning — I'll be giving my talk at ten.

Good luck! Will you be staying in a hotel?

Yes, near the conference centre. In the evenings I'll probably be working on my slides, but on Thursday we're having dinner in the castle.

Sounds lovely. And how do I get the car keys?

My sister has a spare set. Call her this evening, but not at seven — she'll be swimming then.

And what time does your flight land on Friday?

At six. So at eight I'll be sitting at home with a takeaway, and you'll be telling me all about the coast.

朗读

练习

30 分钟

1. 填空。

  1. This time tomorrow I (fly) over the Alps
  2. — It's cold in here. — I (close) the window
  3. Don't call me at six — I (drive) home
  4. I promise I (not / tell) anyone
  5. At ten tomorrow morning we (sit) in an exam
  6. I think you (like) this film
  7. This time next year they (live) in Bristol
  8. Don't worry, by Friday I (know) the results
  9. Don't come at eight — we (have) dinner then
  10. you (use) the printer this afternoon? I need to print forty pages
显示答案
will be flying; will close; will be driving; won't tell; will be sitting; will like; will be living; will know; will be having; Will / be using

2. 把问句改得礼貌一些

  1. Will you use the car tonight?
  2. Will you come to the meeting on Friday?
  3. Will you pay by card?
  4. Will you stay for dinner?
  5. Will you work from home tomorrow?
显示答案
Will you be using the car tonight?; Will you be coming to the meeting on Friday?; Will you be paying by card?; Will you be staying for dinner?; Will you be working from home tomorrow?

3. 改错。

  1. I'll flying to London at ten.
  2. This time next week I'll be knowing my results.
  3. Will you be come to the party?
  4. At nine tomorrow I'll be sit in the dentist's chair.
  5. She won't working on Monday.
  6. This time tomorrow we will are driving to Wales.
显示答案
I'll be flying to London at ten; This time next week I'll know my results; Will you be coming to the party?; At nine tomorrow I'll be sitting in the dentist's chair; She won't be working on Monday; This time tomorrow we will be driving to Wales / This time tomorrow we'll be driving to Wales

4. 把提示扩展成完整的回答

  1. Can I call you at nine tomorrow? (no / I / drive / to work)
  2. Are you free on Saturday afternoon? (no / I / help / my parents in the garden)
  3. Can you come to the café at one? (sorry / I / have / lunch with a client)
  4. What will you be doing this time next year? (I / study / at university)
  5. Can we talk on Monday morning? (no / I / sit / on a train to London)
显示答案
No, I'll be driving to work / No, I'll be driving to work at nine; No, I'll be helping my parents in the garden; Sorry, I'll be having lunch with a client; I'll be studying at university / This time next year I'll be studying at university; No, I'll be sitting on a train to London

5. 改写成平静的告知,

  1. I won't come to the meeting tomorrow.
  2. We won't use the meeting room this afternoon.
  3. She won't work on Friday.
  4. I won't stay for dinner, I'm afraid.
显示答案
I won't be coming to the meeting tomorrow; We won't be using the meeting room this afternoon; She won't be working on Friday; I won't be staying for dinner, I'm afraid

6. 用完整的句子回答

——说说你自己。下面的答案是范例。 1) What will you be doing at eight o'clock tomorrow morning? 2) What will you be doing this time next week? 3) Will you be working this weekend?

显示答案
At eight o'clock tomorrow I'll be having breakfast / I'll be travelling to work; This time next week I'll be visiting my parents; No, I won't. I'll be relaxing at home

7. 译成英语。

1) 明天这个时候,我正在飞往爱丁堡的路上。 2) 七点别打电话——那时我们正在吃晚饭。 3) 今天晚上你会用笔记本电脑吗? 4) 星期五我不上班。 5) 上午十点的时候,我正在做报告。

显示答案
This time tomorrow I'll be flying to Edinburgh; Don't call at seven — we'll be having dinner / Don't phone at seven — we'll be having dinner; Will you be using the laptop this evening? / Will you be using the laptop tonight?; I won't be working on Friday; At ten in the morning I'll be giving a talk / At ten in the morning I'll be giving my talk / At ten a.m. I'll be giving a talk
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小结

本课已学:将来进行时的各种形式,将来某个说出的时刻正在进行的过程,礼貌地询问计划和委婉的 won't be …ing,它和简单的 will、和现在进行时的区别。下一课——第8课:展开想象。

核心内容结束

完成练习后即视为课程结束。此后的内容均为可选。

第 80 课

可选

词卡词汇

14 词
  • be around /bi əˈraʊnd/ 在(附近),有空
  • favour /ˈfeɪvə/ 帮忙,恩惠
  • conference /ˈkɒnfərəns/ 会议,研讨会
  • garage /ˈɡærɑːʒ/ 车库
  • borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/ 借(别人的东西)
  • coast /kəʊst/ 海岸,海边
  • give a talk /ˌɡɪv ə ˈtɔːk/ 做报告,作演讲
  • slide /slaɪd/ 幻灯片
  • castle /ˈkɑːsl/ 城堡
  • spare /speə/ 备用的
  • land /lænd/ 着陆,降落
  • takeaway /ˈteɪkəweɪ/ 外卖
  • printer /ˈprɪntə/ 打印机
  • this time tomorrow /ðɪs ˌtaɪm təˈmɒrəʊ/ 明天这个时候

写作

写六句话,说说明天:在三四个时刻你正在做什么,再加一个礼貌地询问别人计划的问题。

范例: Tomorrow is going to be a busy day. At eight I'll be driving to work, and at ten I'll be giving a presentation to our new clients. At one I'll be having lunch with my manager. In the afternoon I won't be working in the office — I'll be visiting a factory outside town. This time tomorrow evening I'll be sitting on the sofa with a cup of tea. Will you be using the car tomorrow, by the way?

检查清单:'ll 和 -ing 之间有 be 吗?说出将来的时刻了吗?状态动词用的是简单的 will 吗?询问计划的问句用了 be …ing 吗?

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