Povedati, kaj bom počel ob tem času
Znam povedati, s čim bom zaposlen ob določenem trenutku v prihodnosti, in vljudno vprašati sogovornika o njegovih načrtih.
Navedeni čas jedra. Dva bloka jedra nimata številke, zato je prava lekcija daljša od te vsote.
Slovnica
14 minV B1 #5 je imela prihodnost pet oblik in vsaka je odgovarjala na vprašanje „kaj se bo zgodilo?“. Včasih potrebujemo nekaj drugega: ne kaj se bo zgodilo, ampak kaj bo ob nekem trenutku v teku. „Jutri ob desetih bom letel nad morjem.“ Za to ima angleščina Future Continuous — trajni prihodnjik. Je dvojček Past Continuousa (A2 #2): tam je ozadje v preteklosti (At ten I was flying), tu — ozadje v prihodnosti (At ten I'll be flying).
Oblika: will be + glagol na -ing. will in be sta enaka za vse osebe, spreminja se samo pomenski glagol.
| trdilna poved | I'll be working all day tomorrow. |
| nikalna poved | She won't be coming to the meeting. (won't = will not) |
| vprašanje | Will you be using the car tonight? |
| kratki odgovor | Yes, I will. / No, I won't. |
V kratkem odgovoru be in -ing ne ponavljamo: samo will ali won't. Prislovi probably, still, definitely stojijo med will in be: I'll probably be working late. V nikalni povedi gre probably naprej, pred won't: I probably won't be working on Friday.
Kdaj ga uporabljamo.
Prvič — dejanje, ki bo v teku ob imenovanem trenutku v prihodnosti. Trenutek je navadno imenovan naravnost: at ten tomorrow, this time tomorrow („jutri ob tem času“), this time next week, all day on Saturday. Don't call at six — I'll be driving. Klic bo prišel sredi vožnje: takrat bom za volanom. Dejanje lahko zapolni tudi ves odsek: I'll be working all day on Saturday — vsa sobota bo šla za delo.
Drugič — vljudno vprašanje o načrtih: Will you be using the printer this afternoon? Sprašujemo, kako se bo odvijal sogovornikov dan, in nanj ne pritiskamo. Will you use the printer? zveni kot vprašanje o odločitvi in se zlahka sliši kot prošnja ali celo očitek. Zato v službi, v hotelu, v trgovini o načrtih sprašujejo s trajno obliko: Will you be paying by card? Zakaj je trajna oblika vljudnejša? Ne sprašuje „kaj boste odločili?“, ampak „kaj se bo pri vas dogajalo?“. Sogovorniku ni treba ničesar odločati zaradi vas: preprosto pove, kakšen bo njegov dan. Vi pa, ko izveste njegove načrte, lahko prosite, če nima nič proti: Will you be using the car tonight? If not, could I borrow it?
Enak prizvok ima nikalna oblika. I won't come to the meeting — „ne pridem“, podobno zavrnitvi: nočem. I won't be coming to the meeting — mirno sporočilo: tako se pač izide.
Primerjaj s preprostim will. Razlika je ista kot med Past Simple in Past Continuous:
| At eight we'll have dinner. | Ob osmih bomo sedli k večerji: večerja se bo začela ob osmih. |
| At eight we'll be having dinner. | Ob osmih bomo večerjali: večerja bo že v teku. |
In s Present Continuous. I'm meeting Anna at six — dogovor (B1 #5): srečanje je dogovorjeno. At half past six I'll be sitting in a café with Anna — slika tistega trenutka: kaj bom počel. Pogosto stojita drug ob drugem: najprej načrt, potem slika.
Glagoli stanja (B1 #4) v trajni prihodnjik ne gredo. Z know, like, want, have v pomenu „imeti“ — preprosti will: This time next year I'll know much more.
Še primeri:
| This time tomorrow I'll be sitting in an exam. | Jutri ob tem času bom sedel na izpitu. |
| We'll be living in Leeds this time next year. | Čez leto dni bomo že živeli v Leedsu. |
| Will you be staying for dinner? | Boste ostali na večerji? — vljudno, o načrtih |
| I won't be working on Friday. | V petek ne delam. |
Tako se ne reče. ✗ Will you be come tomorrow? → ✓ Will you be coming tomorrow? Za be je potreben glagol na -ing, ne nedoločnik.
Preveri se. Kako rečeš „jutri ob devetih se bom peljal v službo“? V čem se razlikujeta I won't come in I won't be coming? Zakaj ne moremo reči I'll be knowing the results tomorrow?
prikaži odgovore
Napake govorcev slovenščine
prirejeno za vaš jezikPreprosti prihodnjik o dejanju v teku
Don't call at six — I'll drive v angleščini zveni kot odločitev: „prav, bom jaz vozil“. Za „ob šestih bom za volanom“ je potrebno ✓ Don't call at six — I'll be driving. Slovenski „bom vozil“ pokrije oboje, odločitev in dejanje v teku. V angleščini razliko nosi časovna oblika, preprosti will pa o dejanju v teku ne govori.
Izpuščeni be
✗ I'll flying to London at ten
✓ I'll be flying to London at ten
Slovenski „bom letel“ ima dve besedi, in ker je „bom“ že oblika glagola „biti“, se zdi, da ga will pokrije v celoti. A angleška zgradba ima tri dele, in srednji, be, je obvezen. Ista past kot going to brez be (A1 #32).
Glagol stanja z -ing
✗ This time next week I'll be knowing my results
✓ This time next week I'll know my results
„Bom vedel“ se tvori enako kot „bom delal“, in to vleče k trajni obliki. A know, like, want, believe opisujejo stanje, ne dejavnosti, in z -ing ne stojijo v nobenem času (B1 #4).
Vprašanje o načrtih kot prošnja
Will you use the car tonight? — ni napaka, a zveni, kot da bi avto rad sam ali da si nezadovoljen. Nevtralno vprašanje je ✓ Will you be using the car tonight? Slovensko „boš zvečer rabil avto?“ zveni nevtralno že samo po sebi, zato prizvok angleške preproste oblike zlahka preslišimo.
Izgovorjava
3 min'll be izgovorimo v enem dihu: /l bi/. I'll be working /aɪl bi ˈwɜːkɪŋ/. I'll — en zlog s temnim /l/ na koncu, ne dve polni besedi. Naglas pade na pomenski glagol.
V vprašanju Will you be…? so prve tri besede nenaglašene: /wɪl jə bi/. Will you be using the car? /wɪl jə bi ˈjuːzɪŋ ðə ˈkɑː/. Naglašena sta using in car, glas se na koncu dvigne, kot v vsakem vprašanju „da ali ne“.
won't be — /wəʊnt bi/: /t/ pred /b/ se skoraj ne sliši, dvoglasnik /əʊ/ pa ostane. Prav po njem se won't loči od want (B1 #5).
Besedilo
5 minAre you around next week? I need to ask you a favour.
Not really, I'm afraid. I'll be travelling most of the week. I'm flying to Edinburgh on Monday for a conference.
Oh. Will you be using your car next week?
No, it'll be sitting in the garage all week. I'll be taking the train to the airport. Do you want to borrow it?
That would be amazing. My parents are visiting, and I'd like to take them to the coast.
Of course. Just don't phone me on Tuesday morning — I'll be giving my talk at ten.
Good luck! Will you be staying in a hotel?
Yes, near the conference centre. In the evenings I'll probably be working on my slides, but on Thursday we're having dinner in the castle.
Sounds lovely. And how do I get the car keys?
My sister has a spare set. Call her this evening, but not at seven — she'll be swimming then.
And what time does your flight land on Friday?
At six. So at eight I'll be sitting at home with a takeaway, and you'll be telling me all about the coast.
Vaje
30 min1. Vstavljanje.
- This time tomorrow I (fly) over the Alps
- — It's cold in here. — I (close) the window
- Don't call me at six — I (drive) home
- I promise I (not / tell) anyone
- At ten tomorrow morning we (sit) in an exam
- I think you (like) this film
- This time next year they (live) in Bristol
- Don't worry, by Friday I (know) the results
- Don't come at eight — we (have) dinner then
- you (use) the printer this afternoon? I need to print forty pages
Prikaži odgovore
2. Prepiši vprašanje vljudno
- Will you use the car tonight?
- Will you come to the meeting on Friday?
- Will you pay by card?
- Will you stay for dinner?
- Will you work from home tomorrow?
Prikaži odgovore
3. Iskanje napak.
- I'll flying to London at ten.
- This time next week I'll be knowing my results.
- Will you be come to the party?
- At nine tomorrow I'll be sit in the dentist's chair.
- She won't working on Monday.
- This time tomorrow we will are driving to Wales.
Prikaži odgovore
4. Razširi namig v cel odgovor
- Can I call you at nine tomorrow? (no / I / drive / to work)
- Are you free on Saturday afternoon? (no / I / help / my parents in the garden)
- Can you come to the café at one? (sorry / I / have / lunch with a client)
- What will you be doing this time next year? (I / study / at university)
- Can we talk on Monday morning? (no / I / sit / on a train to London)
Prikaži odgovore
5. Prepiši kot mirno sporočilo,
- I won't come to the meeting tomorrow.
- We won't use the meeting room this afternoon.
- She won't work on Friday.
- I won't stay for dinner, I'm afraid.
Prikaži odgovore
6. Odgovori s celimi povedmi
— o sebi. Rešitve spodaj so zgled. 1) What will you be doing at eight o'clock tomorrow morning? 2) What will you be doing this time next week? 3) Will you be working this weekend?
Prikaži odgovore
7. Prevedi v angleščino.
1) Jutri ob tem času bom letel v Edinburgh. 2) Ne kliči ob sedmih — takrat bomo večerjali. 3) Boš zvečer uporabljal prenosnik? 4) V petek ne bom delal. 5) Ob desetih dopoldne bom imel predavanje.
Prikaži odgovore
Povzetek
Obravnavano
- Future Continuous v vseh oblikah
- dejanje v teku ob imenovanem trenutku v prihodnosti
- vljudno vprašanje o načrtih in mehki won't be …ing
- razlika s preprostim will in s Present Continuous
Sledi lekcija 8: sanjarjenje.
Konec jedra
Lekcija se šteje za opravljeno, ko so vaje končane. Vse po tem je izbirno.
izbirno
Besedišče za kartice
14 besed- be around /bi əˈraʊnd/ biti tu, v bližini
- favour /ˈfeɪvə/ usluga
- conference /ˈkɒnfərəns/ konferenca
- garage /ˈɡærɑːʒ/ garaža
- borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/ sposoditi si
- coast /kəʊst/ obala
- give a talk /ˌɡɪv ə ˈtɔːk/ imeti predavanje
- slide /slaɪd/ prosojnica
- castle /ˈkɑːsl/ grad
- spare /speə/ rezervni
- land /lænd/ pristati
- takeaway /ˈteɪkəweɪ/ hrana za s seboj
- printer /ˈprɪntə/ tiskalnik
- this time tomorrow /ðɪs ˌtaɪm təˈmɒrəʊ/ jutri ob tem času
Pisanje
Šest povedi o jutrišnjem dnevu: s čim boš zaposlen ob treh ali štirih trenutkih, in eno vljudno vprašanje o tujih načrtih.
Zgled
Tomorrow is going to be a busy day. At eight I'll be driving to work, and at ten I'll be giving a presentation to our new clients. At one I'll be having lunch with my manager. In the afternoon I won't be working in the office — I'll be visiting a factory outside town. This time tomorrow evening I'll be sitting on the sofa with a cup of tea. Will you be using the car tomorrow, by the way?
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