复习一(第1–5课)
标注的核心时长。核心模块中有两项未标注时长,因此实际课时比总和更长。
B1 不再单独设不规则动词板块。
难点
10 分钟要同时说到两样东西时,英语用成对的连词。这样的连词有三对,意思大致相当于汉语的 “……和……都”“要么……要么……”“既不……也不……”。
形式:
| both … and | ……和……都,两个都 | Both my brother and my sister live abroad. |
| either … or | 要么……要么……,二者之一 | We can meet either on Monday or on Tuesday. |
| neither … nor | 既不……也不…… | Neither the train nor the bus was running. |
什么时候用。
both … and 表示合在一起:两者都成立。用 both … and 连接的主语总是复数,动词也用复数: Both Tom and Anna are coming.
either … or 表示选择:两者之中有一个成立。You can either pay now or pay later. Either Mark or Lucy will meet you at the station. 这对连词也可以连接两个完整的句子——条件和最后通牒听起来就是这样的:Either you tell him, or I will.(“要么你告诉他,要么我告诉他。”)这时第二部分前面要加逗号。
neither … nor 否定两者:两者都不成立。这对连词本身就带有否定,所以后面的动词用肯定形式: Neither Tom nor Anna has called. 汉语说“汤姆和安娜都没打电话”,或者“既不是……也不是……”,否定词就在动词前面;英语里否定只在 neither … nor 身上出现一次,动词不再加 not。这是本课最重要的规则。
动词和哪个主语一致。 用 either … or 和 neither … nor 时,动词和离它最近的主语一致: Neither my brother nor my parents are at home. Either my parents or my sister is going to pick you up. 口语里,neither … nor 连接两个单数主语时也常用复数——Neither Tom nor Anna have called;书面上用单数更稳妥。
连词放在哪里。 每个连词都紧挨在它所连接的那一部分前面,而且两部分的类型要相同:两个名词、两个动词、两个状语。 She speaks both French and German.——连词后面是两种语言。 We can either take a taxi or walk.——连词后面是两个动作。 He neither called nor wrote.——他既没打电话,也没写信。
比较 neither … nor 和普通的否定:
| I don't like tea or coffee. | 日常说法 |
| I like neither tea nor coffee. | 书面,语气更强 |
日常口语里,“既不……也不……”多半用带 or 的否定来表达,neither … nor 留给书面语,或者想要强调“两个都不”的时候。
怎么读。 either 和 neither 在英式英语里有两种读法:/ˈaɪðə/ 或 /ˈiːðə/,/ˈnaɪðə/ 或 /ˈniːðə/。两种都对——选一种,一直用下去。连词本身不重读;重音落在它们所连接的内容上: “both TOM and ANna”。第二部分前面稍作停顿,让人听清这是选择还是并列。
更多例句:
| Both the hotel and the restaurant were full. | 酒店和餐厅都满了。 |
| The flat is both cheap and close to the station. | 这套公寓既便宜,离车站又近。 |
| You can either call or send a message. | 可以打电话,也可以发消息。 |
不能这样说。 ✗ Neither the train nor the bus wasn't running → ✓ Neither the train nor the bus was running。第二个否定是多余的。
自我检测。 用 neither … nor 说“汤姆和安娜都没来”,英语怎么说? Both my sister and my brother ___ (live) in York 里要用哪个动词形式? She both speaks French and German 错在哪里?
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第1–5课练习
35 分钟1. 综合填空。
- When I (arrive), the train (already / leave)
- I (lose) my wallet ——到现在还没找到。
- I (work) here for five years ——现在还在这里工作。
- I (meet) the client at four ——我们约好了。
- By the time we (get) there, the shop (close)
- Your coat is wet. it (rain)?
- When you (buy) this jacket?
- The film (start) at eight ——节目单上是这么写的。
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2. 改错。
- We had visited Rome ten years ago.
- When have you moved to this flat?
- I work here since March.
- I'm about to leave next week.
- I've been writing three letters today.
- By the time when we arrived, the film had started.
- Neither Tom nor Anna didn't come.
- She had went to bed before I got home.
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3. 合成一句
- Tom is coming. + Anna is coming. (both)
- The train wasn't running. + The bus wasn't running. (neither)
- We can go on Monday. + We can go on Tuesday. (either)
- He didn't call. + He didn't write. (neither)
- The hotel was full. + The restaurant was full. (both)
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4. 配对。
- How long have you been waiting?
- When did you get here?
- Had you met him before?
- What are you doing tonight?
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5. 按括号里的提示改写。
- I started learning English three years ago. (for ——现在还在学)
- They've closed the bridge.(用 when 提问)
- I lost my keys. Then I couldn't get in.(用 because 合成一句)
- I've decided to visit my sister next month. (going to)
- We arranged to meet Sam on Friday. (Present Continuous)
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6. 译成英语。
1) 我们到的时候,电影已经开始了。 2) 我等你已经等了半个小时了! 3) 你去过威尔士吗?——去过,我去年去过那儿。 4) 我想明天会很冷。 5) 汤姆和他哥哥都不会说法语。
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小结
本课已学:第1–5课全部内容,以及 both … and、either … or、neither … nor 这三对连词。下一课——第7课:那个时候我将在做什么。
核心内容结束
完成练习后即视为课程结束。此后的内容均为可选。
可选
小型产出
口头讲一讲,再写下来——十个句子:你迟到的一次经历,要带前情;你最近丢了或找到了什么;你最近在忙什么,忙了多久;你这一周有什么计划。至少有一个句子要用 both … and、either … or 或 neither … nor。
学第7课之前的检查清单:
- 较早发生的事用了 had + 第三种形式,旁边有一件较晚发生的事吗?
- 消息用了完成时,细节用了一般过去时吗?
- 重要的是过程或持续时间的地方用了进行形式,有数量的地方用了简单形式吗?
- 约定用了现在进行时,时刻表用了一般现在时吗?
- 当场的决定和承诺用了 will,be about to 旁边没有说时间吧?
- neither … nor 后面没有再加 not 吧?