Slovnica ~20 min jedra še preostane

Povedati življenjsko zgodbo

Po tej lekciji znate

Znam povedati življenjsko zgodbo človeka — svojo ali tujo — z datumi.

Začni lekcijo Jedro 18–20 min · koraki: 6 · izbirno: +2

Navedeni čas jedra. Dva bloka jedra nimata številke, zato je prava lekcija daljša od te vsote.

Slovnica

4 min

Življenjepis se pripoveduje v Past Simple: vsi dogodki so končani in vezani na določen čas.

He was born in 1965 in a small town.
He studied medicine and became a doctor.
In 1990 he moved to London, where he worked for ten years.
He died in 2018.

Present Perfect se v življenjepisu pojavi samo pri človeku, ki še živi — tam, kjer obstaja povezava s sedanjostjo:

She has written four books. Živa je, lahko napiše še kakšno.
He wrote four books. Umrl je, število je dokončno.

Letnice se berejo v parih, vendar so izjeme:

1965 nineteen sixty-five
1995 nineteen ninety-five
2000 two thousand
2005 two thousand and five
2015 twenty fifteen (ali two thousand and fifteen)

Besede za zaporedje dogodkov: at the age of, two years later, after that, from 1990 to 2000, until, during.

Oglas

Napake govorcev slovenščine

prirejeno za vaš jezik
1

Letnica kot eno število

„Tisoč devetsto petinšestdeset“ → ✗ one thousand nine hundred and sixty-five → ✓ nineteen sixty-five. Do leta 1999 angleščina letnico bere v dveh parih.

2

am born

„Rojen sem leta 1990“ → ✗ I am born in 1990 → ✓ I was born in 1990. Rojstvo je v preteklosti, zato was, ne slovenski „sem“ (lekcija 19).

3

Letnica in datum brez predloga

„Leta 1962“, „3. maja“ → ✗ He moved to Ljubljana 1962, ✗ He was born the third of May → ✓ in 1962, on the third of May. Slovenščina tu predloga nima, angleščina pa: leto — in, datum — on.

4

Present Perfect z letnico

✗ He has moved to London in 1990

✓ He moved to London in 1990

„Se je preselil“ je zgrajen kot has moved, letnica pa zahteva Past Simple (lekcija 20).

Izgovorjava

3 min

Letnice se izgovarjajo povezano, v dveh naglašenih skupinah: nineteen sixty-five. Premor med paroma število razbije.

2000 — two thousand, 2015 — twenty fifteen. Po letu 2010 sta obe obliki enakovredni, v govoru pa je pogostejša krajša.

Oglas

Besedilo

3 min

My grandfather was born in 1938 in a small town near the sea. He left school at the age of fifteen and started working in a factory. In 1962 he moved to Ljubljana, where he met my grandmother. They got married two years later and had three children. He worked as an engineer until 1998. He died in 2011.

Branje na glas

Vaje

8–10 min

1. Preberi letnice.

1965, 1995, 2000, 2008, 2015

Prikaži odgovore
nineteen sixty-five; nineteen ninety-five; two thousand; two thousand and eight; twenty fifteen / two thousand and fifteen.

2. Vstavljanje.

  1. He (move) to London in 1990
  2. She (write) four books — zdaj piše peto
  3. He (die) in 2011
Prikaži odgovore
moved, has written, died.

3. Vstavljanje.

  1. 1990
  2. the age of fifteen
  3. 1990 2000
  4. He worked there 1998
Prikaži odgovore
in, at, from … to, until.

4. Zaporedje dogodkov.

Razvrsti po vrsti: got married, was born, died, left school, moved to Ljubljana.

Prikaži odgovore
was born → left school → moved to Ljubljana → got married → died.
Oglas

Povzetek

Obravnavano

  • življenjepis v Past Simple
  • Present Perfect za človeka
  • ki še živi
  • branje letnic
  • besede za zaporedje dogodkov

Sledi lekcija 35: napisati pismo.

Konec jedra

Lekcija se šteje za opravljeno, ko so vaje končane. Vse po tem je izbirno.

Lekcija 71

izbirno

Besedišče za kartice

13 besed
  • retire /rɪˈtaɪə/ upokojiti se, iti v pokoj
  • die /daɪ/ umreti, umirati
  • grow up /ɡrəʊ ˈʌp/ odraščati, odrasti
  • get married /ɡet ˈmærid/ poročiti se
  • graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/ diplomirati
  • become /bɪˈkʌm/ postati
  • became /bɪˈkeɪm/ postal, postala
  • leave school /liːv ˈskuːl/ končati šolo, zapustiti šolo
  • at the age of /ət ði ˈeɪdʒ əv/ pri starosti, pri (… letih)
  • later /ˈleɪtə/ pozneje
  • until /ənˈtɪl/ do (časovno)
  • during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ med (časovno), v času
  • medicine /ˈmedsn/ medicina

Pisanje

Šest povedi — življenjepis nekoga iz tvoje družine, s štirimi datumi.

Zgled

My grandfather was born in 1938. He left school at the age of fifteen. In 1962 he moved to Ljubljana, where he met my grandmother. They got married two years later. He worked as an engineer until 1998. In 2005 they bought a house near the sea.

Kontrolni seznam

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Vadite to lekcijo v drugih razdelkih

Diktatna podlagi te lekcije Zapišite, kar slišite. Preverjanje pokaže vsako besedo, ki se razlikuje, in kako. Napišite narek Branje na glasna podlagi te lekcije Preberite besedilo lekcije na glas — prepoznavanje govora označi besede, ki jih ni ujelo. Preberite besedilo na glas Branje in poslušanjeA1–C1 Besedila na vsaki ravni z vprašanji za razumevanje; prepis se odpre po odgovoru. Preizkusi

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