Gramatika ~20 min od osnove preostalo

Ispričati biografiju

Nakon ove lekcije možete

Mogu da ispričam životnu priču neke osobe — svoju ili tuđu — sa datumima.

Započni lekciju Jezgro 18–20 min · koraci: 6 · opciono: +2

Deklarisano vreme jezgra. Dva bloka jezgra nemaju broj, pa je stvarna lekcija duža od ovog zbira.

Gramatika

4 min

Biografija se priča u Past Simpleu: svi događaji su završeni i vezani za određeno vreme.

He was born in 1965 in a small town.
He studied medicine and became a doctor.
In 1990 he moved to London, where he worked for ten years.
He died in 2018.

Present Perfect se u biografiji javlja samo za osobu koja je živa — tamo gde postoji veza sa sadašnjošću:

She has written four books. Živa je, može da napiše još.
He wrote four books. Umro je, broj je konačan.

Godine se čitaju u parovima, ali ima izuzetaka:

1965 nineteen sixty-five
1995 nineteen ninety-five
2000 two thousand
2005 two thousand and five
2015 twenty fifteen (ili two thousand and fifteen)

Reči za redosled događaja: at the age of, two years later, after that, from 1990 to 2000, until, during.

Oglas

Greške govornika srpskog jezika

prilagođeno vašem jeziku
1

Godina kao jedan broj

„Hiljadu devetsto šezdeset pete“ → ✗ one thousand nine hundred and sixty-five → ✓ nineteen sixty-five. Srpski godinu čita kao ceo broj, a engleski godinu poput 1965. deli na dva para.

2

Bez in uz godinu, „sa“ uz uzrast

„Rođen je 1938.“, „sa petnaest godina“ → ✗ He was born 1938, ✗ with fifteen years → ✓ He was born in 1938, at the age of fifteen. Uz godinu engleski traži in (lekcija 19), a uzrast se kaže sa at the age of.

3

Present Perfect uz datum i za završen život

„Preselio se 1962.“, „deda je radio kao inženjer“ → ✗ He has moved to Belgrade in 1962, ✗ My grandfather has worked as an engineer → ✓ He moved to Belgrade in 1962, My grandfather worked as an engineer. Srpski perfekat služi za svaku prošlost; u biografiji Present Perfect ide samo uz živu osobu i nikad uz datum (lekcija 20).

Izgovor

3 min

Godine se izgovaraju povezano, u dve naglašene grupe: nineteen sixty-five. Pauza između parova razbija broj.

2000 — two thousand, 2015 — twenty fifteen. Posle 2010. oba oblika su ravnopravna, ali je u govoru češći kraći.

Oglas

Tekst

3 min

My grandfather was born in 1938 in a small town near the sea. He left school at the age of fifteen and started working in a factory. In 1962 he moved to Belgrade, where he met my grandmother. They got married two years later and had three children. He worked as an engineer until 1998. He died in 2011.

Čitanje naglas

Vežbe

8–10 min

1. Pročitaj godine.

1965, 1995, 2000, 2008, 2015

Prikaži odgovore
nineteen sixty-five; nineteen ninety-five; two thousand; two thousand and eight; twenty fifteen / two thousand and fifteen.

2. Popunjavanje.

  1. He (move) to London in 1990
  2. She (write) four books — sada piše petu
  3. He (die) in 2011
Prikaži odgovore
moved, has written, died.

3. Popunjavanje.

  1. 1990
  2. the age of fifteen
  3. 1990 2000
  4. He worked there 1998
Prikaži odgovore
in, at, from … to, until.

4. Redosled događaja.

Poređaj: got married, was born, died, left school, moved to Belgrade.

Prikaži odgovore
was born → left school → moved to Belgrade → got married → died.
Oglas

Rezime

Obrađeno

  • biografija u Past Simpleu
  • Present Perfect za osobu koja je živa
  • čitanje godina
  • reči za redosled događaja

Sledi lekcija 35: napisati pismo.

Kraj osnove

Lekcija se računa kao završena kada se urade vežbe. Sve nakon ovoga je opciono.

Lekcija 71

opciono

Reči za špil

13 reči
  • retire /rɪˈtaɪə/ otići u penziju
  • die /daɪ/ umreti, umirati
  • grow up /ɡrəʊ ˈʌp/ odrastati, odrasti
  • get married /ɡet ˈmærid/ oženiti se, udati se
  • graduate /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/ diplomirati
  • become /bɪˈkʌm/ postati
  • became /bɪˈkeɪm/ postao, postala
  • leave school /liːv ˈskuːl/ završiti školu
  • at the age of /ət ði ˈeɪdʒ əv/ sa … godina, u uzrastu od
  • later /ˈleɪtə/ kasnije
  • until /ənˈtɪl/ do (o vremenu)
  • during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ tokom, za vreme
  • medicine /ˈmedsn/ medicina

Pisanje

Šest rečenica — biografija nekoga iz tvoje porodice, sa četiri datuma.

Primer

My grandfather was born in 1938. He left school at the age of fifteen. In 1962 he moved to Belgrade, where he met my grandmother. They got married two years later. He worked as an engineer until 1998. In 2005 they bought a house near the sea.

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