Topik sulit ~47 menit inti tersisa

Pengulangan 5 (pelajaran 25–29)

Mulai pelajaran Inti 47 menit · langkah: 3 · opsional: +1

Waktu inti yang dinyatakan. Dua blok inti tidak memiliki angka, sehingga pelajaran sebenarnya lebih lama dari jumlah ini.

Topik sulit

12 menit

“Cuacanya begitu dingin sehingga kami tinggal di rumah.” “Itu hari yang begitu panjang sehingga saya langsung tertidur.” Bahasa Indonesia cukup dengan satu kata “begitu” untuk kedua kalimat, sedangkan bahasa Inggris punya dua kata — so dan such. Pilihan di antara keduanya ditentukan bukan oleh makna, melainkan oleh apa yang datang sesudahnya.

Bentuk. so + kata sifat atau kata keterangan; such + kata benda, dengan atau tanpa kata sifat. Akibatnya disambungkan dengan that.

It was so cold that we stayed at home. so + kata sifat
He spoke so quickly that I couldn't follow. so + kata keterangan
It was such a cold day that we stayed at home. such a + kata sifat + kata benda
They were such nice people that we stayed all evening. such + bentuk jamak
We had such bad weather that we came home early. such + kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung

Aturannya dalam satu baris: jika sesudah “begitu” ada kata benda — such; jika hanya kata sifat atau kata keterangan — so. Kata Indonesia tidak membantu di sini: “begitu dingin” — so, tetapi “hari yang begitu dingin” — such, padahal kata Indonesianya sama. Begitu pula “dia begitu baik” — so: He's so kind. Yang menentukan bukan kata Indonesia, melainkan ada tidaknya kata benda Inggris sesudahnya.

Artikel. Dengan kata benda yang dapat dihitung dalam bentuk tunggal a berdiri sesudah such: such a nice day, such an interesting book. Di depan bentuk jamak dan kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung tidak ada artikel: such nice people, such good news, such bad weather.

so dengan kata jumlah. Di depan much, many, few, little selalu so, walaupun sesudahnya ada kata benda: There were so many people that we couldn't get in. I had so little time that I took a taxi. Sebabnya, so di sini berdiri di depan kata jumlah, bukan di depan kata benda. Sebagai pengganti so many dan so much dalam percakapan juga dipakai such a lot of: There were such a lot of people…

that boleh dihilangkan. Dalam percakapan that sering hilang: It was so cold we stayed in. It was such a good film I watched it twice.

Dalam pertanyaan dan kalimat negatif aturannya sama: Why are you so tired? — “Kenapa kamu capek sekali?” I've never seen such a beautiful garden. — “Saya belum pernah melihat taman seindah itu.” Koma di depan that tidak dipasang: akibatnya terikat erat dengan bagian pertama.

Cara mengucapkan. so dan such dalam kalimat seperti ini bertekanan — seluruh maknanya bertumpu pada keduanya: It was SO cold…, It was SUCH a long day…. Sedangkan that tidak bertekanan: /ðət/. Jika tekanannya dihilangkan, kalimatnya terdengar seperti informasi biasa tanpa penekanan.

Tanpa akibat — seruan. so dan such juga menguatkan dengan sendirinya, tanpa that: It's so cold today! She's such a nice person! Ini lebih emosional daripada very: very memberi tahu, sedangkan so dan such berseru.

Bandingkan dengan too (A1 #18) dan enough (A2 #13):

It was so cold that we didn't go out. begitu dingin sehingga… — akibatnya disebut
It was too cold to go out. terlalu dingin untuk…
It wasn't warm enough to go out. kurang hangat untuk…

Maknanya dekat, tetapi so … that menceritakan apa yang terjadi, sedangkan too … to — apa yang tidak bisa dilakukan.

Contoh lain:

The coffee was so hot that I burnt my tongue. Kopinya begitu panas sehingga lidah saya terbakar.
It was such a long journey that we stopped twice. Perjalanannya begitu jauh sehingga kami berhenti dua kali.
The film was so boring that half the audience left. Filmnya begitu membosankan sehingga separuh penonton pergi.
She speaks such good English that people think she's British. Bahasa Inggrisnya begitu bagus sehingga orang mengira dia orang Britania.
I was so tired that I fell asleep on the train. Saya begitu lelah sehingga tertidur di kereta.

Jangan katakan begini. ✗ It was so cold weather → ✓ It was such cold weather / The weather was so cold. ✗ a such nice day → ✓ such a nice day. ✗ so much people → ✓ so many people.

Uji diri Anda. so atau such: It was ___ a good idea? Bagaimana mengatakan “Ada begitu banyak orang sehingga kami tidak bisa masuk”? Apa yang salah dalam It was a such boring film?

tampilkan jawaban
such; There were so many people that we couldn't get in; a berdiri sesudah such: It was such a boring film.
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Latihan untuk pelajaran 25–29

35 menit

1. Mengisi rumpang campuran.

  1. Most the people in my street have a car
  2. I've got friends here, so I'm never lonely. (beberapa)
  3. The lecture was really (bore)
  4. She's very good languages
  5. It all depends the weather
  6. Could you speak (slowly), please?
  7. It's (possible) to park here. (dengan awalan negatif)
  8. It was a nice day that we walked home
Tampilkan jawaban
of; a few / some / several; boring; at; on; more slowly; impossible; such

2. Isilah dengan

  1. It was cold that the lake froze
  2. They're nice people!
  3. There were many cars that we couldn't park
  4. It was an interesting book that I read it in a day
  5. He drove fast that the police stopped him
  6. We had bad weather that the flight was cancelled
Tampilkan jawaban
so; such; so; such; so; such

3. Mencari kesalahan dan memperbaikinya.

  1. Most of students in my group work.
  2. Both of them didn't come.
  3. I was very interesting in the lecture.
  4. We discussed about the plan.
  5. Can you explain me this word?
  6. He speaks well English.
  7. There's a big different between them.
  8. It was so cold weather that we stayed at home.
Tampilkan jawaban
Most students in my group work / Most of the students in my group work; Neither of them came; I was very interested in the lecture; We discussed the plan; Can you explain this word to me?; He speaks English well; There's a big difference between them; It was such cold weather that we stayed at home / The weather was so cold that we stayed at home

4. Gabungkan dua kalimat

  1. The coffee was very hot. I couldn't drink it.
  2. It was a very long film. I fell asleep.
  3. She spoke very quietly. Nobody heard her.
  4. They were very friendly people. We stayed all evening.
  5. There were a lot of people. We couldn't get in.
Tampilkan jawaban
The coffee was so hot that I couldn't drink it / The coffee was so hot I couldn't drink it; It was such a long film that I fell asleep / It was such a long film I fell asleep; She spoke so quietly that nobody heard her / She spoke so quietly nobody heard her; They were such friendly people that we stayed all evening / They were such friendly people we stayed all evening; There were so many people that we couldn't get in / There were such a lot of people that we couldn't get in / There were so many people we couldn't get in

5. Ubah bentuknya

  1. All the students passed. (none)
  2. I was bored by the film. (the film + kata sifat berakhiran -ing)
  3. I'm waiting for Tom. (pertanyaan dengan who)
  4. The instructions were not clear. (satu kata berawalan)
Tampilkan jawaban
None of the students passed; The film was boring; Who are you waiting for?; The instructions were unclear

6. Terjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Inggris.

1) Kebanyakan rekan kerja saya tinggal di luar kota. 2) Saya bosan karena kuliahnya sangat panjang. 3) Itu tergantung pada harganya. 4) Dia (perempuan) menyetir lebih hati-hati daripada saya. 5) Itu hari yang begitu menyenangkan sehingga kami tidak ingin pulang.

Tampilkan jawaban
Most of my colleagues live outside the city / Most of my colleagues live out of town; I was bored because the lecture was very long; It depends on the price; She drives more carefully than me / She drives more carefully than I do; It was such a good day that we didn't want to go home
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Ringkasan

Sudah dibahas

  • pelajaran 25–29 seluruhnya dan so … that
  • such … that

Berikutnya — pelajaran 31: mengatakan kapan dan seberapa sering sesuatu akan terjadi.

Akhir inti

Pelajaran dianggap selesai setelah latihan dikerjakan. Semua setelah ini bersifat opsional.

Pelajaran 103

opsional

Produksi mini

Ceritakan secara lisan, lalu tuliskan sepuluh kalimat: tentang kelompok atau tim Anda; ulasan tentang barang yang baru-baru ini Anda beli; rencana liburan Anda berikutnya tergantung pada apa; bagaimana Anda melakukan sesuatu dibandingkan dengan orang lain; kejadian ketika sesuatu tidak berjalan sesuai rencana. Setidaknya satu kalimat dengan so … that dan satu dengan such … that.

Daftar periksa sebelum pelajaran 31:

  • of hanya di depan the, my, these atau kata ganti?
  • sesudah none dan neither tidak ada not, dan neither — hanya tentang dua?
  • -ed — tentang orang, -ing — tentang apa yang menimbulkan perasaan?
  • kata depan diambil dari daftar bahasa Inggris, sesudah discuss dan enter tidak ada kata depan, explain … to me?
  • kata keterangan tidak di antara kata kerja dan objek, yang panjang — dengan more?
  • awalan dan akhiran menghasilkan kata yang diperlukan, penulisan di sambungan benar?
  • so di depan kata sifat, such a di depan kata benda?
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