Záludná téma ~47 min z jadra zostáva

Opakovanie 5 (lekcie 25–29)

Začať lekciu Jadro 47 min · kroky: 3 · voliteľné: +1

Deklarovaný čas jadra. Dva bloky jadra nemajú žiadny údaj, takže skutočná lekcia je dlhšia ako tento súčet.

Záludná téma

12 min

„Bola taká zima, že sme zostali doma.“ „Bol to taký dlhý deň, že som hneď zaspal.“ Slovenské „tak“ a „taký“ sa líšia ako príslovka a prídavné meno a v angličtine im zodpovedajú dve slová — so a such. O voľbe medzi nimi nerozhoduje význam, ale to, čo nasleduje.

Tvar. so + prídavné meno alebo príslovka; such + podstatné meno, s prídavným menom alebo bez neho. Dôsledok sa pripája cez that.

It was so cold that we stayed at home. so + prídavné meno
He spoke so quickly that I couldn't follow. so + príslovka
It was such a cold day that we stayed at home. such a + prídavné meno + podstatné meno
They were such nice people that we stayed all evening. such + množné číslo
We had such bad weather that we came home early. such + nepočítateľné podstatné meno

Pravidlo na jeden riadok: ak za „tak“ alebo „taký“ stojí podstatné meno — such; ak len prídavné meno alebo príslovka — so. Dá sa to overiť aj po slovensky: „tak chladno“, „tak rýchlo“ — so, „taký studený deň“ — such. Ale slovenské „taký“ bez podstatného mena — „je taký milý“ — je aj tak so: He's so kind. A „bola taká zima“ je tiež so: slovenskému podstatnému menu „zima“ zodpovedá anglické prídavné meno cold — It was so cold. Nerozhoduje slovenské slovo, ale to, či za ním stojí anglické podstatné meno.

Člen. Pri počítateľnom podstatnom mene v jednotnom čísle stojí a za such: such a nice day, such an interesting book. Pred množným číslom a nepočítateľným podstatným menom člen nie je: such nice people, such good news, such bad weather.

so s množstvom. Pred much, many, few, little je vždy so, hoci ďalej nasleduje podstatné meno: There were so many people that we couldn't get in. I had so little time that I took a taxi. Dôvod je, že so tu stojí pred slovom vyjadrujúcim množstvo, nie pred podstatným menom. Namiesto so many a so much sa v hovorenej reči hovorí aj such a lot of: There were such a lot of people…

that možno vynechať. V hovorenej reči that často vypadne: It was so cold we stayed in. It was such a good film I watched it twice.

V otázke a v zápore platí to isté pravidlo: Why are you so tired? — „Prečo si taký unavený?“ I've never seen such a beautiful garden. — „Takú krásnu záhradu som ešte nevidel.“ Na rozdiel od slovenčiny sa pred that čiarka nepíše: dôsledok je s prvou časťou tesne spojený.

Ako vyslovovať. so a such sú v týchto vetách prízvučné — drží sa na nich celá myšlienka: It was SO cold…, It was SUCH a long day…. that je naopak neprízvučné: /ðət/. Ak prízvuk zmizne, veta bude znieť ako obyčajné oznámenie bez dôrazu.

Bez dôsledku — zvolanie. so a such zosilňujú aj samy osebe, bez that: It's so cold today! She's such a nice person! Je to emotívnejšie ako very: very oznamuje, so a such zvolávajú.

Porovnaj s too (A1 #18) a enough (A2 #13):

It was so cold that we didn't go out. taká zima, že… — dôsledok je pomenovaný
It was too cold to go out. príliš zima na to, aby…
It wasn't warm enough to go out. nedosť teplo na to, aby…

Význam je blízky, ale so … that rozpráva, čo sa stalo, a too … to — čo sa urobiť nedalo.

Ďalšie príklady:

The coffee was so hot that I burnt my tongue. Káva bola taká horúca, že som si popálil jazyk.
It was such a long journey that we stopped twice. Cesta bola taká dlhá, že sme dvakrát zastavili.
The film was so boring that half the audience left. Film bol taký nudný, že polovica divákov odišla.
She speaks such good English that people think she's British. Hovorí tak dobre po anglicky, že ju považujú za Britku.
I was so tired that I fell asleep on the train. Bol som taký unavený, že som zaspal vo vlaku.

Takto sa nehovorí. ✗ It was so cold weather → ✓ It was such cold weather / The weather was so cold. ✗ a such nice day → ✓ such a nice day. ✗ so much people → ✓ so many people.

Otestuj sa. so alebo such: It was ___ a good idea? Ako povedať „Bolo tam toľko ľudí, že sme sa nedostali dnu“? Čo je zlé na It was a such boring film?

zobraziť odpovede
such; There were so many people that we couldn't get in; a stojí za such: It was such a boring film.
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Cvičenia k lekciám 25–29

35 min

1. Zmiešané doplňovanie.

  1. Most the people in my street have a car
  2. I've got friends here, so I'm never lonely. (niekoľko)
  3. The lecture was really (bore)
  4. She's very good languages
  5. It all depends the weather
  6. Could you speak (slowly), please?
  7. It's (possible) to park here. (so zápornou predponou)
  8. It was a nice day that we walked home
Zobraziť odpovede
of; a few / some / several; boring; at; on; more slowly; impossible; such

2. Doplň

  1. It was cold that the lake froze
  2. They're nice people!
  3. There were many cars that we couldn't park
  4. It was an interesting book that I read it in a day
  5. He drove fast that the police stopped him
  6. We had bad weather that the flight was cancelled
Zobraziť odpovede
so; such; so; such; so; such

3. Hľadanie chyby.

  1. Most of students in my group work.
  2. None of them didn't come.
  3. I was very interesting in the lecture.
  4. We discussed about the plan.
  5. Can you explain me this word?
  6. He speaks well English.
  7. There's a big different between them.
  8. It was so cold weather that we stayed at home.
Zobraziť odpovede
Most students in my group work / Most of the students in my group work; None of them came; I was very interested in the lecture; We discussed the plan; Can you explain this word to me?; He speaks English well; There's a big difference between them; It was such cold weather that we stayed at home / The weather was so cold that we stayed at home

4. Spoj

  1. The coffee was very hot. I couldn't drink it.
  2. It was a very long film. I fell asleep.
  3. She spoke very quietly. Nobody heard her.
  4. They were very friendly people. We stayed all evening.
  5. There were a lot of people. We couldn't get in.
Zobraziť odpovede
The coffee was so hot that I couldn't drink it / The coffee was so hot I couldn't drink it; It was such a long film that I fell asleep / It was such a long film I fell asleep; She spoke so quietly that nobody heard her / She spoke so quietly nobody heard her; They were such friendly people that we stayed all evening / They were such friendly people we stayed all evening; There were so many people that we couldn't get in / There were such a lot of people that we couldn't get in / There were so many people we couldn't get in

5. Prepíš

  1. All the students passed. (none)
  2. I was bored by the film. (the film + prídavné meno na -ing)
  3. I'm waiting for Tom. (otázka s who)
  4. The instructions were not clear. (jedno slovo s predponou)
Zobraziť odpovede
None of the students passed; The film was boring; Who are you waiting for?; The instructions were unclear

6. Prelož do angličtiny.

1) Väčšina mojich kolegov býva za mestom. 2) Nudil som sa, pretože prednáška bola veľmi dlhá. 3) Závisí to od ceny. 4) Ona šoféruje opatrnejšie ako ja. 5) Bol to taký dobrý deň, že sme nechceli ísť domov.

Zobraziť odpovede
Most of my colleagues live outside the city / Most of my colleagues live out of town; I was bored because the lecture was very long; It depends on the price; She drives more carefully than me / She drives more carefully than I do; It was such a good day that we didn't want to go home
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Zhrnutie

Prebrali sme

  • lekcie 25–29 celé a so … that
  • such … that

Ďalej — lekcia 31: povedať, kedy a ako často sa to stane.

Koniec jadra

Lekcia sa považuje za dokončenú, keď sú splnené cvičenia. Všetko za tým je voliteľné.

Lekcia 103

voliteľné

Krátky vlastný prejav

Porozprávaj nahlas a zapíš desať viet: o svojej skupine alebo kolektíve; recenziu na nedávny nákup; od čoho závisia tvoje plány na leto; ako niečo robíš v porovnaní s inými; prípad, keď sa niečo pokazilo. Aspoň jedna veta so so … that a jedna so such … that.

Kontrolný zoznam pred lekciou 31:

  • stojí of len pred the, my, these alebo zámenom?
  • nie je po none a neither not a neither je len o dvoch?
  • -ed — o človeku, -ing — o tom, čo vyvoláva pocit?
  • je predložka z anglického zoznamu, nie je po discuss a enter predložka, explain … to me?
  • nestojí príslovka medzi slovesom a predmetom, dlhé — cez more?
  • dávajú predpona a prípona potrebné slovo, je pravopis na švíku správny?
  • so pred prídavným menom, such a pred podstatným menom?
Koncept je uložený na tomto zariadení
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