Vandasamt atriði ~47 mín af kjarna eftir

Upprifjun 5 (lexíur 25–29)

Hefja kennslustund Kjarni 47 mín · skref: 3 · valfrjálst: +1

Tilkynntur kjarnatími. Tvö kjarnaþáttanna bera enga tölu, svo raunveruleg kennslustund er lengri en þessi summa.

Vandasamt atriði

12 mín.

„Það var svo kalt að við vorum heima.“ „Þetta var svo langur dagur að ég sofnaði strax.“ Íslenskan notar „svo“ í báðum setningunum, en enskan hefur tvö orð — so og such. Valið á milli þeirra ræðst ekki af merkingunni, heldur af því sem kemur á eftir.

Myndin. so + lýsingarorð eða atviksorð; such + nafnorð, með lýsingarorði eða án. Afleiðingin er tengd með that.

It was so cold that we stayed at home. so + lýsingarorð
He spoke so quickly that I couldn't follow. so + atviksorð
It was such a cold day that we stayed at home. such a + lýsingarorð + nafnorð
They were such nice people that we stayed all evening. such + fleirtala
We had such bad weather that we came home early. such + óteljanlegt nafnorð

Reglan í einni línu: ef nafnorð kemur á eftir „svo“ — such; ef aðeins lýsingarorð eða atviksorð — so. Íslenskan hjálpar ekki við valið: „svo kalt“ og „svo kaldur dagur“ — alltaf „svo“. En þar sem má segja „þvílíkur“ eða „slíkur“ („þvílíkur dagur“) fylgir nafnorð, og þá er such rétt. „Hann er svo góður“ er án nafnorðs, og þar er so: He's so kind. Úrslitum ræður ekki íslenska orðið, heldur hvort enskt nafnorð fylgir.

Greinirinn. Með teljanlegu nafnorði í eintölu stendur a á eftir such: such a nice day, such an interesting book. Á undan fleirtölu og óteljanlegum nafnorðum er enginn greinir: such nice people, such good news, such bad weather.

so með magnorðum. Á undan much, many, few, little er alltaf so, þótt nafnorð komi á eftir: There were so many people that we couldn't get in. I had so little time that I took a taxi. Ástæðan er sú að so stendur hér á undan magnorðinu, ekki á undan nafnorðinu. Í stað so many og so much er í talmáli líka sagt such a lot of: There were such a lot of people…

Sleppa má that. Í talmáli fellur that oft brott: It was so cold we stayed in. It was such a good film I watched it twice.

Í spurningu og neitun gildir sama regla: Why are you so tired? — „Af hverju ertu svona þreytt(ur)?“ I've never seen such a beautiful garden. — „Ég hef aldrei séð svona fallegan garð.“ Engin komma er sett á undan that: afleiðingin er nátengd fyrri hlutanum.

Framburður. so og such eru áhersluorð í þessum setningum — á þeim hvílir öll hugsunin: It was SO cold…, It was SUCH a long day…. En that er áherslulaust: /ðət/. Ef áherslan er tekin af hljómar setningin eins og venjuleg tilkynning án þunga.

Án afleiðingar — upphrópun. so og such styrkja líka ein og sér, án that: It's so cold today! She's such a nice person! Það er tilfinningaríkara en very: very greinir frá, en so og such hrópa upp.

Berðu saman við too (A1 #18) og enough (A2 #13):

It was so cold that we didn't go out. svo kalt að… — afleiðingin nefnd
It was too cold to go out. of kalt til að…
It wasn't warm enough to go out. ekki nógu hlýtt til að…

Merkingin er svipuð, en so … that segir frá því sem gerðist, og too … to frá því sem ekki var hægt að gera.

Fleiri dæmi:

The coffee was so hot that I burnt my tongue. Kaffið var svo heitt að ég brenndi mig á tungunni.
It was such a long journey that we stopped twice. Ferðin var svo löng að við stoppuðum tvisvar.
The film was so boring that half the audience left. Myndin var svo leiðinleg að helmingur áhorfenda fór.
She speaks such good English that people think she's British. Hún talar svo góða ensku að fólk heldur að hún sé bresk.
I was so tired that I fell asleep on the train. Ég var svo þreytt(ur) að ég sofnaði í lestinni.

Svona er ekki sagt. ✗ It was so cold weather → ✓ It was such cold weather / The weather was so cold. ✗ a such nice day → ✓ such a nice day. ✗ so much people → ✓ so many people.

Prófaðu kunnáttuna. so eða such: It was ___ a good idea? Hvernig segirðu „Það var svo margt fólk að við komumst ekki inn“? Hvað er athugavert við It was a such boring film?

sýna svörin
such; There were so many people that we couldn't get in; a stendur á eftir such: It was such a boring film.
Auglýsing

Æfingar úr lexíum 25–29

35 mín.

1. Blönduð eyðufylling.

  1. Most the people in my street have a car
  2. I've got friends here, so I'm never lonely. (nokkrir)
  3. The lecture was really (bore)
  4. She's very good languages
  5. It all depends the weather
  6. Could you speak (slowly), please?
  7. It's (possible) to park here. (með neitunarforskeyti)
  8. It was a nice day that we walked home
Sýna svörin
of; a few / some / several; boring; at; on; more slowly; impossible; such

2. Settu inn so eða such.

  1. It was cold that the lake froze
  2. They're nice people!
  3. There were many cars that we couldn't park
  4. It was an interesting book that I read it in a day
  5. He drove fast that the police stopped him
  6. We had bad weather that the flight was cancelled
Sýna svörin
so; such; so; such; so; such

3. Villuleit.

  1. Most of students in my group work.
  2. Nobody of them came.
  3. I was very interesting in the lecture.
  4. We discussed about the plan.
  5. Can you explain me this word?
  6. He speaks well English.
  7. There's a big different between them.
  8. It was so cold weather that we stayed at home.
Sýna svörin
Most students in my group work / Most of the students in my group work; None of them came; I was very interested in the lecture; We discussed the plan; Can you explain this word to me?; He speaks English well; There's a big difference between them; It was such cold weather that we stayed at home / The weather was so cold that we stayed at home

4. Sameinaðu tvær setningar í eina

  1. The coffee was very hot. I couldn't drink it.
  2. It was a very long film. I fell asleep.
  3. She spoke very quietly. Nobody heard her.
  4. They were very friendly people. We stayed all evening.
  5. There were a lot of people. We couldn't get in.
Sýna svörin
The coffee was so hot that I couldn't drink it / The coffee was so hot I couldn't drink it; It was such a long film that I fell asleep / It was such a long film I fell asleep; She spoke so quietly that nobody heard her / She spoke so quietly nobody heard her; They were such friendly people that we stayed all evening / They were such friendly people we stayed all evening; There were so many people that we couldn't get in / There were such a lot of people that we couldn't get in / There were so many people we couldn't get in

5. Umbreyting

  1. All the students passed. (none)
  2. I was bored by the film. (the film + lýsingarorð á -ing)
  3. I'm waiting for Tom. (spurning með who)
  4. The instructions were not clear. (eitt orð með forskeyti)
Sýna svörin
None of the students passed; The film was boring; Who are you waiting for?; The instructions were unclear

6. Þýddu á ensku.

1) Flestir samstarfsmenn mínir búa utan borgarinnar. 2) Mér leiddist af því að fyrirlesturinn var mjög langur. 3) Það fer eftir verðinu. 4) Hún keyrir varlegar en ég. 5) Þetta var svo góður dagur að við vildum ekki fara heim.

Sýna svörin
Most of my colleagues live outside the city / Most of my colleagues live out of town; I was bored because the lecture was very long; It depends on the price; She drives more carefully than me / She drives more carefully than I do; It was such a good day that we didn't want to go home
Auglýsing

Samantekt

Farið yfir

  • lexíur 25–29 í heild og so … that
  • such … that

Næst — lexía 31: að segja hvenær og hversu oft það gerist.

Endir kjarna

Kennslustund telst lokið þegar æfingum er lokið. Allt eftir þetta er valfrjálst.

Kennslustund 103

valfrjálst

Lítil tjáningaræfing

Segðu frá upphátt og skrifaðu niður tíu setningar: um hópinn þinn eða vinnustaðinn; umsögn um nýleg kaup; á hverju sumaráform þín velta; hvernig þú gerir eitthvað í samanburði við aðra; atvik þegar eitthvað fór úrskeiðis. Að minnsta kosti ein setning með so … that og ein með such … that.

Gátlisti fyrir lexíu 31:

  • of aðeins á undan the, my, these eða fornafni?
  • ekkert not á eftir none og neither, og neither aðeins um tvo?
  • -ed — um manneskjuna, -ing — um það sem vekur tilfinninguna?
  • forsetning úr enska listanum, engin forsetning á eftir discuss og enter, explain … to me?
  • atviksorð ekki á milli sagnar og andlags, löng — með more?
  • gefa forskeyti og viðskeyti rétta orðið, er stafsetningin á samskeytum rétt?
  • so á undan lýsingarorði, such a á undan nafnorði?
Drög vistuð á þessu tæki
Auglýsing

Áttu hugmynd að nýjum eiginleika?

Senda hugmynd
Auglýsing
Auglýsing