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Atkārtojums 5 (25.–29. nodarbība)

Sākt mācību Kodols 47 min · soļi: 3 · pēc izvēles: +1

Norādītais kodola laiks. Divi kodola bloki nav ar laika norādi, tāpēc reālā nodarbība ir garāka par šo summu.

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12 min

„Bija tik auksti, ka mēs palikām mājās.” „Tā bija tik gara diena, ka es uzreiz aizmigu.” Latviski abos teikumos der viens un tas pats „tik”, bet angļu valodā tam atbilst divi vārdi — so un such. Izvēli starp tiem nosaka nevis nozīme, bet tas, kas seko.

Forma. so + īpašības vārds vai apstākļa vārds; such + lietvārds, ar īpašības vārdu vai bez tā. Sekas pievieno ar that.

It was so cold that we stayed at home. so + īpašības vārds
He spoke so quickly that I couldn't follow. so + apstākļa vārds
It was such a cold day that we stayed at home. such a + īpašības vārds + lietvārds
They were such nice people that we stayed all evening. such + daudzskaitlis
We had such bad weather that we came home early. such + nesaskaitāms lietvārds

Likums vienā rindā: ja aiz „tik” vai „tāds” stāv lietvārds — such; ja tikai īpašības vārds vai apstākļa vārds — so. Latviešu vārds šeit nepalīdz: „tik auksti” — so, bet „tik auksta diena” — jau such. Un „tāds” bez lietvārda — „viņš ir tāds labs” — tik un tā ir so: He's so kind. Izšķir nevis latviešu vārds, bet tas, vai aiz angļu vārda ir lietvārds.

Artikuls. Ar saskaitāmu lietvārdu vienskaitlī a nostājas pēc such: such a nice day, such an interesting book. Pirms daudzskaitļa un nesaskaitāma lietvārda artikula nav: such nice people, such good news, such bad weather.

so ar daudzumu. Pirms much, many, few, little vienmēr ir so, lai gan tālāk seko lietvārds: There were so many people that we couldn't get in. I had so little time that I took a taxi. Iemesls — so šeit stāv pirms daudzuma vārda, nevis pirms lietvārda. so many un so much vietā sarunā saka arī such a lot of: There were such a lot of people…

that var izlaist. Sarunā that bieži pazūd: It was so cold we stayed in. It was such a good film I watched it twice.

Jautājumā un noliegumā likums ir tas pats: Why are you so tired? — „Kāpēc tu esi tik noguris?” I've never seen such a beautiful garden. — „Es nekad neesmu redzējis tik skaistu dārzu”. Komatu pirms that neliek, lai gan latviski pirms „ka” tas ir obligāts: sekas ir cieši saistītas ar pirmo daļu.

Kā izrunāt. so un such šajās frāzēs ir uzsvērti — uz tiem balstās visa doma: It was SO cold…, It was SUCH a long day…. Bet that ir neuzsvērts: /ðət/. Ja uzsvaru noņem, frāze izskanēs kā vienkāršs paziņojums bez emocionāla uzsvara.

Bez sekām — izsaukums. so un such pastiprina arī paši par sevi, bez that: It's so cold today! She's such a nice person! Tas ir emocionālāk nekā very: very tikai informē, bet ar so un such runātājs izsaucas.

Salīdziniet ar too (A1 #18) un enough (A2 #13):

It was so cold that we didn't go out. tik auksti, ka… — sekas ir nosauktas
It was too cold to go out. pārāk auksti, lai…
It wasn't warm enough to go out. nepietiekami silti, lai…

Nozīme ir tuva, bet so … that stāsta, kas notika, bet too … to — ko nevarēja izdarīt.

Vēl piemēri:

The coffee was so hot that I burnt my tongue. Kafija bija tik karsta, ka es apdedzināju mēli.
It was such a long journey that we stopped twice. Ceļš bija tik garš, ka mēs apstājāmies divreiz.
The film was so boring that half the audience left. Filma bija tik garlaicīga, ka puse zāles aizgāja.
She speaks such good English that people think she's British. Viņa tik labi runā angliski, ka viņu notur par britieti.
I was so tired that I fell asleep on the train. Es biju tik noguris, ka aizmigu vilcienā.

Tā nesaka. ✗ It was so cold weather → ✓ It was such cold weather / The weather was so cold. ✗ a such nice day → ✓ such a nice day. ✗ so much people → ✓ so many people.

Pārbaudiet sevi. so vai such: It was ___ a good idea? Kā pateikt „Tur bija tik daudz cilvēku, ka mēs netikām iekšā”? Kas nav kārtībā teikumā It was a such boring film?

rādīt atbildes
such; There were so many people that we couldn't get in; a stāv pēc such: It was such a boring film.
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Vingrinājumi par 25.–29. nodarbību

35 min

1. Jaukta ievietošana.

  1. Most the people in my street have a car
  2. I've got friends here, so I'm never lonely. (daži)
  3. The lecture was really (bore)
  4. She's very good languages
  5. It all depends the weather
  6. Could you speak (slowly), please?
  7. It's (possible) to park here. (ar noliedzošu priedēkli)
  8. It was a nice day that we walked home
Rādīt atbildes
of; a few / some / several; boring; at; on; more slowly; impossible; such

2. Ievietojiet

  1. It was cold that the lake froze
  2. They're nice people!
  3. There were many cars that we couldn't park
  4. It was an interesting book that I read it in a day
  5. He drove fast that the police stopped him
  6. We had bad weather that the flight was cancelled
Rādīt atbildes
so; such; so; such; so; such

3. Kļūdas atrašana.

  1. Most of students in my group work.
  2. None of them didn't come.
  3. I was very interesting in the lecture.
  4. We discussed about the plan.
  5. Can you explain me this word?
  6. He speaks well English.
  7. There's a big different between them.
  8. It was so cold weather that we stayed at home.
Rādīt atbildes
Most students in my group work / Most of the students in my group work; None of them came; I was very interested in the lecture; We discussed the plan; Can you explain this word to me?; He speaks English well; There's a big difference between them; It was such cold weather that we stayed at home / The weather was so cold that we stayed at home

4. Apvienojiet

  1. The coffee was very hot. I couldn't drink it.
  2. It was a very long film. I fell asleep.
  3. She spoke very quietly. Nobody heard her.
  4. They were very friendly people. We stayed all evening.
  5. There were a lot of people. We couldn't get in.
Rādīt atbildes
The coffee was so hot that I couldn't drink it / The coffee was so hot I couldn't drink it; It was such a long film that I fell asleep / It was such a long film I fell asleep; She spoke so quietly that nobody heard her / She spoke so quietly nobody heard her; They were such friendly people that we stayed all evening / They were such friendly people we stayed all evening; There were so many people that we couldn't get in / There were such a lot of people that we couldn't get in / There were so many people we couldn't get in

5. Pārrakstiet

  1. All the students passed. (none)
  2. I was bored by the film. (the film + īpašības vārds ar -ing)
  3. I'm waiting for Tom. (jautājums ar who)
  4. The instructions were not clear. (viens vārds ar priedēkli)
Rādīt atbildes
None of the students passed; The film was boring; Who are you waiting for?; The instructions were unclear

6. Pārtulkojiet angliski.

1) Lielākā daļa manu kolēģu dzīvo ārpus pilsētas. 2) Man bija garlaicīgi, jo lekcija bija ļoti gara. 3) Tas ir atkarīgs no cenas. 4) Viņa vada mašīnu uzmanīgāk nekā es. 5) Tā bija tik laba diena, ka mēs negribējām iet mājās.

Rādīt atbildes
Most of my colleagues live outside the city / Most of my colleagues live out of town; I was bored because the lecture was very long; It depends on the price; She drives more carefully than me / She drives more carefully than I do; It was such a good day that we didn't want to go home
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Kopsavilkums

Apgūts: 25.–29. nodarbība pilnībā un so … that, such … that. Tālāk — 31. nodarbība: pateikt, kad un cik bieži tas notiks.

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Mācība 103

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Īss produktīvs uzdevums

Pastāstiet skaļi un pierakstiet desmit teikumus: par savu grupu vai kolektīvu; atsauksme par nesen pirktu lietu; no kā atkarīgi jūsu vasaras plāni; kā jūs kaut ko darāt salīdzinājumā ar citiem; gadījums, kad kaut kas nogāja greizi. Vismaz viens teikums ar so … that un viens ar such … that.

Pašpārbaudes saraksts pirms 31. nodarbības:

  • vai of ir tikai pirms the, my, these vai vietniekvārda?
  • vai pēc none un neither nav not, bet neither — tikai par diviem?
  • vai -ed — par cilvēku, bet -ing — par to, kas izraisa sajūtu?
  • vai prievārds ņemts no angļu saraksta, pēc discuss un enter prievārda nav, ir explain … to me?
  • vai apstākļa vārds nestāv starp darbības vārdu un papildinātāju, bet garie — ar more?
  • vai priedēklis un piedēklis dod vajadzīgo vārdu, vai rakstība savienojuma vietā ir pareiza?
  • vai so — pirms īpašības vārda, bet such a — pirms lietvārda?
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