谈谈习惯和学习
能分清“不再做某事”和“停下来去做某事”——不会说出和自己本意相反的话。
标注的核心时长。核心模块中有两项未标注时长，因此实际课时比总和更长。
语法
16 分钟在 A2 第21课，你学了两个清单：有些动词后面接 -ing 形式（enjoy reading，finish writing），有些接 to + 动词（want to learn，decide to change）。还有一些动词两种形式都可以接，意思几乎没有区别： start、begin、like、love、hate——It started raining = It started to rain。
现在要学的是这样的动词：两种形式都可以接，但意思不同，有时甚至相反。一共五个：stop、remember、 forget、try、regret。
总的原则。 -ing 形式说的是动作本身——已经发生了或者正在进行的事。to + 动词往前看：指还没做的事，或者目的。
stop。 stop + -ing——停止，戒掉：He stopped smoking ten years ago.——“他十年前就戒烟了。” Stop talking, please.——“请别说话了。”It's stopped raining.——“雨停了。”stop + to——停下来，放下手头的事，去做另一件事：On the way home he stopped to buy some bread.——“回家路上他停下来买了点面包。”这里的 to 意思是“为了”，就是 A2 第21课里表示目的的不定式。
remember。 remember + -ing——记得做过的事：I remember locking the door.——“我记得锁过门。” 先有动作，后有对它的记忆。remember + to——记着要做某事，并且做了，没忘：Remember to lock the door.——“记得锁门。”Did you remember to buy milk? 先想起来，后去做。
forget。 forget + to——忘了做；事情没做：I forgot to call her.——“我忘了给她打电话。” Don't forget to send the email. forget + -ing 几乎总是出现在 I'll never forget… 里，说的是难忘的经历：I'll never forget seeing the sea for the first time.——“我永远忘不了第一次看见大海的情景。”
try。 try + to——努力，设法；事情很难，可能做不成：I tried to open the window, but it was stuck.——“我想把窗户打开，可是它卡住了。”try + -ing——试试某个办法，看看效果：If the laptop is slow, try restarting it.——“笔记本电脑要是很慢，就试试重启。”动作本身并不难；问题只在于它有没有用。
regret。 regret + -ing——后悔做了某事：I regret selling my old car.——“我后悔把旧车卖了。” regret + to 几乎只出现在正式通知里：We regret to inform you that the flight has been cancelled. ——“我们遗憾地通知您，航班已经取消。”
总表：
| 动词 | + -ing | + to |
|---|---|---|
| stop | He stopped smoking. — 戒了烟 | He stopped to smoke. — 停下来抽支烟 |
| remember | I remember locking it. — 记得锁过 | Remember to lock it. — 记得要锁 |
| forget | I'll never forget meeting her. — 难忘的经历 | I forgot to call her. — 没打电话 |
| try | Try restarting it. — 试试这个办法 | I tried to open it. — 想办法打开，很费劲 |
| regret | I regret saying that. — 后悔说了那句话 | We regret to inform you… — 遗憾地通知 |
比较一下——同一个动作，两种先后顺序：
| I remember posting the letter. | 先寄了信，现在记得这件事 |
| I remembered to post the letter. | 先想起来，然后寄了信 |
否定 放在 -ing 或 to 前面：I regret not learning to swim.——“我后悔没学游泳。”Try not to worry.——“尽量别担心。”
看中文怎么选。 中文的说法常常能给出提示：
| 中文 | 英语 |
|---|---|
| 戒了，不再，停止 | stop + -ing |
| 停下来去做 | stop + to |
| 记得做过……；记得……的情景 | remember + -ing |
| 别忘了；记着去做 | remember + to，don't forget + to |
| 忘了做 | forget + to |
| 永远忘不了……的情景 | never forget + -ing |
| 努力，设法，想办法 | try + to |
| 试试（作为一种办法） | try + -ing |
| 后悔做了 | regret + -ing |
可是“记得”“忘了”“试试”在中文里两种意思都可以表示。拿不准的时候，问问自己：这个动作已经发生了，还是还在前面？已经发生了——-ing；还在前面——to。只有 try 这个问题帮不上忙：要看动作本身难不难（to），还是只看它有没有用（-ing）。
不能这样说。 ✗ I remember to lock the door yesterday → ✓ I remember locking the door yesterday。记得的是过去做过的事，只能用 -ing。
自我检测。 She stopped to talk to me 是什么意思？“别忘了买面包”怎么说？Try switching it off and on again 是在建议什么？
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中文母语者的常见错误
已针对你的语言编写“戒烟”用 to。
He stopped to smoke 的意思是“他停下来抽支烟”。要说“戒烟了”，得用 ✓ He stopped smoking。汉语“停止吸烟”“停下来吸烟”里的“吸烟”形式完全一样，区别靠“停止”和“停下来”；英语的区别全在动词的形式上，用错了意思就正好相反。
remember to 说过去的事。
✗ I remember to meet him in Paris last year
✓ I remember meeting him in Paris last year
。汉语“记得”两种意思都有：“我记得见过他”和“记得去见他”。英语选形式就是选意思：回忆——-ing，要做的事——to。forget 也一样：“我忘了寄信”是 I forgot to post the letter （信没寄）。
regret + to 说做过的事。
✗ I regret to sell my car
✓ I regret selling my car
。“后悔卖了车”里的“卖”不变形，to 看起来像最保险的默认形式。可是后悔的是已经做过的事，所以要用 -ing。
“试试”和“设法”混在一起。
I tried calling her 的意思是“试着给她打了个电话”——作为办法之一，比如为了找到她。想说努力了却没做成，通常说 ✓ I tried to call her, but she didn't answer。汉语的 “试着”“试试”两种意思都能表示，听不出区别；英语的区别在形式上。
发音
4 分钟区分两种形式的是不重读的结尾：
| stopped smoking | /stɒpt ˈsməʊkɪŋ/ — 意思靠末尾的 -ing |
| stopped to smoke | /stɒpt tə ˈsməʊk/ — 弱读的 to |
在 stopped to 里，两个 /t/ 合成一个长音：舌头停一下，停顿后读出 /tə/。别把这个弱读的 to 吞掉：没有它，“停下来抽支烟”听起来就成了“戒烟了”。
-ing 读 /ɪŋ/，结尾没有 /ɡ/： smoking /ˈsməʊkɪŋ/——末尾不要加 /ɡ/，也不要加元音。
重音： remember /rɪˈmembə/，regret /rɪˈɡret/，forget /fəˈɡet/——重音在第二个音节，第一个音节短而轻。
课文
5 分钟When I was at university, I smoked, I ate badly and I never did any sport. Then, at twenty-five, I decided to change everything.
First, I stopped smoking. It was hard. For months, every time I walked past a newsagent's, I wanted to stop to buy cigarettes. I tried to give up three times before it finally worked. What helped in the end? A friend told me to try chewing gum — and it worked.
Then I started learning Spanish. I tried learning with an app, but I often forgot to open it. So I tried going to evening classes instead, and that was much better. I still remember sitting in that cold classroom on Tuesday nights, trying to understand the teacher.
I'm not perfect. I sometimes forget to do my homework, and last week I forgot to take my book to class. But I don't regret starting. I'll never forget having my first real conversation in Spanish, in a little café in Seville.
My only regret? I regret giving up the piano at twelve. Maybe I'll try to start again next year.
练习
32 分钟1. 把括号里的动词变成正确形式：
- He stopped (smoke) ten years ago
- On the way home I stopped (buy) some bread
- Please remember (lock) the door
- I clearly remember (lock) it — I'm sure
- I forgot (call) my mum yesterday
- I'll never forget (see) the Northern Lights
- I tried (open) the jar, but the lid was too tight
- If you can't sleep, try (read) a boring book
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2. 配对。
- He stopped to smoke.
- He stopped smoking.
- I remember posting it.
- I remembered to post it.
- I tried to call her.
- I tried calling her.
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3. 改写句子，
- He stopped to smoke last year.（戒了烟）
- I remember to meet him in Paris.（记得那次见面）
- Did you remember buying milk?（有没有记着买？）
- She stopped talking to her neighbour.（停下来和邻居说话）
- Try to switch it off and on again.（作为一种办法试试）
- I forgot that I had sent the email.（邮件根本没发出去）
- I'll never forget to swim with dolphins.（难忘的经历）
- We regret informing you that the shop is closed.（正式通知）
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4. 用括号里的动词改写。
- He doesn't smoke any more. (stop)
- I locked the door. I can remember it clearly. (remember)
- Don't forget: send me the address. (remember)
- He was driving, and then he parked to answer the phone. (stop)
- I didn't post the letter. I forgot. (forget)
- I'm sorry that I didn't learn to swim. (regret)
- Drink more water — maybe it will help. (try)
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5. 译成英语。
1) 我不再吃糖了。 2) 路上我们停下来吃了午饭。 3) 别忘了关灯。 4) 我记得我们第一次见面的情景。 5) 我想办法向她解释，可是她不听。 6) 我后悔把车卖了。
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6. 用完整的句子回答
——说说你自己。下面的答案是范例。 1) What have you stopped doing, and why? 2) What do you often forget to do? 3) What will you never forget seeing?
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小结
本课已学：五个形式一变意思就变的动词——stop、remember、forget、try、regret；原则“-ing—— 动作本身，to——还在前面的事”；not 放在 -ing 和 to 前面。下一课——第22课：请别人做，还是自己做。
核心内容结束
完成练习后即视为课程结束。此后的内容均为可选。
可选
词卡词汇
14 词- regret /rɪˈɡret/ 后悔，遗憾
- give up /ˌɡɪv ˈʌp/ 放弃，戒掉（习惯、活动）
- smoke /sməʊk/ 抽烟，吸烟
- cigarette /ˌsɪɡəˈret/ 香烟
- newsagent's /ˈnjuːzeɪdʒənts/ 报刊亭，报刊店
- chewing gum /ˈtʃuːɪŋ ɡʌm/ 口香糖
- classroom /ˈklɑːsruːm/ 教室
- homework /ˈhəʊmwɜːk/ 家庭作业
- conversation /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ 谈话，对话
- restart /ˌriːˈstɑːt/ 重启
- jar /dʒɑː/ 罐子，广口瓶
- lid /lɪd/ 盖子
- tight /taɪt/ 紧的
- inform /ɪnˈfɔːm/ （正式）通知
写作
写五六个句子，说说一个你已经戒掉或者正在努力戒掉的习惯，以及什么帮了你。至少用上本课的三个动词。
范例： Two years ago I stopped eating sweets. I tried to stop many times before, but it never lasted. Then a friend told me to try eating fruit instead, and it worked. I still remember buying my last chocolate bar. I don't regret giving up sweets, but I sometimes forget to buy fruit, and then it's hard.
检查清单：“戒了”用 stopped + -ing，“停下来去做”用 stopped to 了吗？回忆用 remember + -ing，没忘记做的事用 remember to 了吗？“费力地设法”用 tried to，“试试某个办法”用 tried + -ing 了吗？