Grammatik ~21 min af kernen tilbage

Gengive, hvad andre har sagt

Efter denne lektion kan du

Jeg kan forstå og gengive, hvad en anden person har sagt.

Start lektionen Kerne 19–21 min · trin: 6 · valgfri: +2

Angivet kernemængde. To af kerneblokkene har ingen tid, så den reelle lektion er længere end summen.

Grammatik

5 min

Andres ord gengiver man med to verber, og de kan ikke bytte plads.

say — sige HVAD He said that he was tired.
tell — sige det TIL NOGEN He told me that he was tired.

say tager ikke personen uden præposition: ✗ He said me → ✓ He said to me eller He told me — ligesom dansk »sagde til mig«.

Ordet that kan udelades: He said (that) he was tired — begge dele er rigtige. Dansk kan på samme måde udelade »at«: »Han sagde, han var træt«.

Når man genfortæller, rykker tiden et trin tilbage:

direkte tale genfortælling
"I am tired." He said he was tired.
"I work here." She said she worked here.
"I will call you." He said he would call me.

På dette niveau skal du KUNNE GENKENDE forskydningen, ikke selv lave den. Den gennemgås fuldt ud på B1 sammen med genfortalte spørgsmål og anmodninger. Nu er det vigtigt at forstå, at was i en genfortælling ikke betyder fortid: personen talte om nutiden. Dansk gør det samme: »Han sagde, at han var træt«.

Pronomenerne skifter også: "I am tired" → He said he was tired.

Citat og genfortælling blandes ikke: enten He said, "I am tired." eller He said (that) he was tired.

Annonce

Typiske fejl hos dansktalende

skrevet til dit sprog
1

told uden person

✗ She told that she was busy

✓ She said that she was busy

eller She told me that she was busy. Dansk »fortælle« klarer sig fint uden person: »Hun fortalte, at hun havde travlt«. Engelsk tell vil altid vide til hvem: told me, told Tom.

2

Komma foran that

✗ He said, that he was tired

✓ He said that he was tired

Mange danskere sætter komma foran »at«. På engelsk står der intet komma foran that.

Udtale

3 min

I en genfortælling ligger trykket på indholdet, ikke på verbet for at sige:

He said he was tired. She told me she worked there.

said /sed/ — kort, med vokalen /e/, ikke /eɪ/: ikke /seɪd/, selv om say udtales /seɪ/. told /təʊld/ — med en lang diftong, ikke som dansk »told«.

Annonce

Tekst

3 min

I called the office this morning. The manager said that he was busy and that he would call me back at two. My colleague said she had a problem with the new system. She told me that it didn't work on her computer. I said I would help her after lunch.

Læs højt

Øvelser

8–10 min

1. Udfyldning.

  1. He that he was tired
  2. He me that he was tired
  3. She me about the problem
  4. She that the system didn't work
Vis svarene
said, told, told, said.

2. Fejlfinding.

  1. He said me that he was busy.
  2. He said that "I am tired".
  3. She told that she was busy.
Vis svarene
He told me that he was busy. / He said that he was busy.; He said that he was tired. / He said, "I am tired."; She said that she was busy. / She told me that she was busy.

3. Sammenkobling.

  1. "I am tired."
  2. "I work here."
  3. "I will call you."
Vis svarene
`"I am tired."` — He said he was tired.; `"I work here."` — He said he worked here.; `"I will call you."` — He said he would call me.

4. Genfortæl.

  1. Tom: "I am busy."
  2. Anna: "I work here."
Vis svarene
Tom said that he was busy. / Tom said he was busy.; Anna said that she worked here. / Anna said she worked here.
Annonce

Opsummering

Gennemgået

  • say over for tell
  • genfortælling med that
  • at genkende tidsforskydningen
  • forskydning af pronomener

Næste: lektion 30 — repetition af lektion 25–29.

Kernen slut

Lektionen tælles som færdig, når øvelserne er udført. Alt efter dette er valgfrit.

Lektion 66

valgfri

Ordforråd til kortbunken

12 ord
  • say /seɪ/ sige
  • said /sed/ sagde
  • tell /tel/ fortælle (til nogen)
  • told /təʊld/ fortalte
  • ask /ɑːsk/ spørge, bede om
  • refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ nægte, afslå
  • explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ forklare
  • call back /kɔːl ˈbæk/ ringe tilbage
  • busy /ˈbɪzi/ optaget, travl
  • system /ˈsɪstəm/ system
  • mention /ˈmenʃn/ nævne
  • later /ˈleɪtə/ senere

Skrivning

Fire sætninger — genfortæl en samtale, du har haft i dag.

Eksempel

I called the office this morning. The manager said that he was busy. He said he would call me back at two. My colleague said she had a problem with the system.

Tjekliste

Udkastet gemmes på denne enhed
Annonce

Øv denne lektion i de andre sektioner

Diktatbaseret på denne lektion Skriv ned, hvad du hører. Kontrollen viser hvert ord, der adskiller sig, og hvordan. Skriv diktat Læs højtbaseret på denne lektion Læs lektionsteksten højt — talegenkendelse fremhæver ord, den ikke opfangede. Læs teksten højt Læsning og lytningA1–C1 Tekster på alle niveauer med forståelsesspørgsmål; transskriptionen åbnes, når du har svaret. Prøv det

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