Gramatika ~21 min od osnove preostalo

Preneti tuđe reči

Nakon ove lekcije možete

Mogu da razumem i prenesem ono što je rekao neko drugi.

Započni lekciju Jezgro 19–21 min · koraci: 6 · opciono: +2

Deklarisano vreme jezgra. Dva bloka jezgra nemaju broj, pa je stvarna lekcija duža od ovog zbira.

Gramatika

5 min

Tuđe reči se prenose pomoću dva glagola, i oni nisu zamenljivi.

say — reći ŠTA He said that he was tired.
tell — reći KOME He told me that he was tired.

say ne uzima osobu bez predloga: ✗ He said me → ✓ He said to me ili He told me.

Reč that može da se izostavi: He said (that) he was tired — oba oblika su tačna.

Pri prepričavanju vreme se pomera za korak unazad:

upravni govor prepričano
"I am tired." He said he was tired.
"I work here." She said she worked here.
"I will call you." He said he would call me.

Na ovom nivou pomeranje treba PREPOZNATI, a ne graditi. Potpuno se obrađuje na B1, zajedno sa prepričavanjem pitanja i molbi. Sada je važno razumeti da was u prepričavanju ne znači prošlost: čovek je govorio o sadašnjosti.

Menjaju se i zamenice: "I am tired" → He said he was tired.

Citat i prepričavanje se ne mešaju: ili He said, "I am tired.", ili He said (that) he was tired.

Oglas

Greške govornika srpskog jezika

prilagođeno vašem jeziku
1

„Rekao mi je“ → said me

✗ He said me that…

✓ He told me…

ili He said to me…. Srpsko „mi“ stoji bez predloga, pa se doslovno prevede kao me. Iza said osoba bez to ne stoji; „kome“ ide uz told.

2

told bez osobe

✗ She told that she was busy

✓ She said that she was busy

ili She told me that she was busy. Srpsko „reći“ pokriva oba slučaja, a tell uvek traži kome.

3

Drugi deo bez podmeta

„Rekao je da je umoran“ → ✗ He said was tired → ✓ He said he was tired. Srpski ovde zamenicu izostavlja, a engleski je traži i posle said.

4

was nije „bio je“

He said he was tired je „rekao je da je umoran“, a ne „da je bio umoran“. Srpski pri prepričavanju zadržava vreme („rekla je da radi ovde“), a engleski ga pomera: She said she worked here.

Izgovor

3 min

U prepričavanju naglasak pada na sadržaj, a ne na glagol govorenja:

He said he was tired. She told me she worked there.

said /sed/ — kratko, sa samoglasnikom /e/, a ne /eɪ/: ne „sejd“. told /təʊld/ — sa dugim diftongom, ne sa čistim srpskim „o“.

Oglas

Tekst

3 min

I called the office this morning. The manager said that he was busy and that he would call me back at two. My colleague said she had a problem with the new system. She told me that it didn't work on her computer. I said I would help her after lunch.

Čitanje naglas

Vežbe

8–10 min

1. Popunjavanje.

  1. He that he was tired
  2. He me that he was tired
  3. She me about the problem
  4. She that the system didn't work
Prikaži odgovore
said, told, told, said.

2. Pronalaženje greške.

  1. He said me that he was busy.
  2. He said that "I am tired".
  3. She told that she was busy.
Prikaži odgovore
He told me that he was busy. / He said that he was busy.; He said that he was tired. / He said, "I am tired."; She said that she was busy. / She told me that she was busy.

3. Povezivanje.

  1. "I am tired."
  2. "I work here."
  3. "I will call you."
Prikaži odgovore
`"I am tired."` — He said he was tired.; `"I work here."` — He said he worked here.; `"I will call you."` — He said he would call me.

4. Prepričaj.

  1. Tom: "I am busy."
  2. Anna: "I work here."
Prikaži odgovore
Tom said that he was busy. / Tom said he was busy.; Anna said that she worked here. / Anna said she worked here.
Oglas

Rezime

Obrađeno

  • say naspram tell
  • prepričavanje sa that
  • prepoznavanje pomeranja vremena
  • pomeranje zamenica

Sledi lekcija 30: ponavljanje lekcija 25–29.

Kraj osnove

Lekcija se računa kao završena kada se urade vežbe. Sve nakon ovoga je opciono.

Lekcija 66

opciono

Reči za špil

12 reči
  • say /seɪ/ govoriti, reći
  • said /sed/ rekoh
  • tell /tel/ reći nekome, ispričati
  • told /təʊld/ rekoh (nekome)
  • ask /ɑːsk/ pitati, zamoliti
  • refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ odbiti
  • explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ objasniti
  • call back /kɔːl ˈbæk/ uzvratiti poziv
  • busy /ˈbɪzi/ zauzet
  • system /ˈsɪstəm/ sistem
  • mention /ˈmenʃn/ pomenuti
  • later /ˈleɪtə/ kasnije

Pisanje

Četiri rečenice — prepričaj razgovor koji si danas imao.

Primer

I called the office this morning. The manager said that he was busy. He said he would call me back at two. My colleague said she had a problem with the system.

Kontrolna lista

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Oglas

Vežbajte ovu lekciju u drugim odeljcima

Diktatna osnovu ove lekcije Zapišite ono što čujete. Provera pokazuje svaku reč koja se razlikuje i kako. Pišite diktat Čitanje naglasna osnovu ove lekcije Pročitajte tekst lekcije naglas — prepoznavanje govora ističe reči koje nije uhvatilo. Čitajte tekst naglas Čitanje i slušanjeA1–C1 Tekstovi na svakom nivou sa pitanjima za razumevanje; transkript se otvara nakon odgovora. Probajte

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