Gramatika ~21 min jezgre preostalo

Prenijeti tuđe riječi

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Mogu razumjeti i prenijeti ono što je rekla druga osoba.

Započni lekciju Jezgra 19–21 min · koraci: 6 · neobavezno: +2

Navedeno vrijeme jezgre. Dva bloka jezgre nemaju brojku, pa je stvarna lekcija duža od ovog zbroja.

Gramatika

5 min

Tuđe riječi prenose se pomoću dvaju glagola, i oni nisu zamjenjivi.

say — reći ŠTO He said that he was tired.
tell — reći KOME He told me that he was tired.

say ne uzima osobu bez prijedloga: ✗ He said me → ✓ He said to me ili He told me.

Riječ that može se izostaviti: He said (that) he was tired — obje su inačice točne.

U neupravnom govoru vrijeme se pomiče korak unatrag:

upravni govor neupravni govor
"I am tired." He said he was tired.
"I work here." She said she worked here.
"I will call you." He said he would call me.

Na ovoj razini pomak treba PREPOZNATI, a ne graditi. Potpuno se obrađuje na B1, zajedno s prenošenjem pitanja i molbi. Sada je važno razumjeti da was u neupravnom govoru ne znači prošlost: osoba je govorila o sadašnjosti.

Mijenjaju se i zamjenice: "I am tired" → He said he was tired.

Upravni i neupravni govor ne miješaju se: ili He said, "I am tired.", ili He said (that) he was tired.

Oglas

Pogreške izvornih govornika hrvatskoga

prilagođeno vašem jeziku
1

„Rekao mi je“ → said me

✗ He said me that…

✓ He told me…

ili He said to me…. Hrvatsko „mi“ stoji bez prijedloga, pa se izravno prevede kao me. Iza said osoba bez to ne stoji; „kome“ ide uz told.

2

told bez osobe

✗ She told that she was busy

✓ She said that she was busy

ili She told me that she was busy. Hrvatsko „reći“ pokriva oboje, a tell uvijek traži kome.

3

Drugi dio bez subjekta

✗ He said was tired

✗ She said would help me

✓ He said he was tired

She said she would help me. „Rekao je da je umoran“ nema zamjenice, a engleski je i iza said traži.

4

Neupravni govor kao citat

✗ He said that "I am tired"

✓ He said that he was tired

ili He said, "I am tired." Iza that nema navodnika: I am postaje he was. Hrvatski vrijeme ne pomiče („da je umoran“), pa was ovdje ne znači da je umor prošao.

Izgovor

3 min

U neupravnom govoru naglasak pada na sadržaj, a ne na glagol govorenja:

He said he was tired. She told me she worked there.

said /sed/ — kratko, s glasom /e/, a ne /eɪ/: ni „sejd“, ni „said“ po pismu. told /təʊld/ — s dugim dvoglasom.

Oglas

Tekst

3 min

I called the office this morning. The manager said that he was busy and that he would call me back at two. My colleague said she had a problem with the new system. She told me that it didn't work on her computer. I said I would help her after lunch.

Čitanje naglas

Vježbe

8–10 min

1. Dopunjavanje.

  1. He that he was tired
  2. He me that he was tired
  3. She me about the problem
  4. She that the system didn't work
Prikaži odgovore
said, told, told, said.

2. Pronalaženje pogreške.

  1. He said me that he was busy.
  2. He said that "I am tired".
  3. She told that she was busy.
Prikaži odgovore
He told me that he was busy. / He said that he was busy.; He said that he was tired. / He said, "I am tired."; She said that she was busy. / She told me that she was busy.

3. Povezivanje.

  1. "I am tired."
  2. "I work here."
  3. "I will call you."
Prikaži odgovore
`"I am tired."` — He said he was tired.; `"I work here."` — He said he worked here.; `"I will call you."` — He said he would call me.

4. Prepričaj.

  1. Tom: "I am busy."
  2. Anna: "I work here."
Prikaži odgovore
Tom said that he was busy. / Tom said he was busy.; Anna said that she worked here. / Anna said she worked here.
Oglas

Sažetak

Obrađeno

  • say nasuprot tell
  • neupravni govor s that
  • prepoznavanje pomaka vremena
  • pomak zamjenica

Slijedi lekcija 30: ponavljanje lekcija 25–29.

Kraj jezgre

Lekcija se računa kao završena nakon vježbi. Sve nakon toga je neobavezno.

Lekcija 66

neobavezno

Riječi za kartice

12 riječi
  • say /seɪ/ govoriti, reći
  • said /sed/ rekao/rekla
  • tell /tel/ reći nekome, ispričati
  • told /təʊld/ rekao/rekla, ispričao/ispričala
  • ask /ɑːsk/ pitati, moliti
  • refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ odbiti
  • explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ objasniti
  • call back /kɔːl ˈbæk/ nazvati natrag, uzvratiti poziv
  • busy /ˈbɪzi/ zauzet
  • system /ˈsɪstəm/ sustav
  • mention /ˈmenʃn/ spomenuti
  • later /ˈleɪtə/ kasnije

Pisanje

Četiri rečenice — prepričaj razgovor koji si danas imao.

Uzorak

I called the office this morning. The manager said that he was busy. He said he would call me back at two. My colleague said she had a problem with the system.

Kontrolna lista

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Vježbajte ovu lekciju u drugim odjeljcima

Diktatna temelju ove lekcije Zapišite što čujete. Provjera pokazuje svaku riječ koja se razlikuje i kako. Pišite diktat Čitanje naglasna temelju ove lekcije Pročitajte tekst lekcije naglas — prepoznavanje govora označit će riječi koje nije uhvatilo. Čitajte tekst naglas Čitanje i slušanjeA1–C1 Tekstovi na svakoj razini s pitanjima za razumijevanje; transkript se otvara nakon odgovora. Probajte

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