Grammatika ~53 min tuumikust jäänud

Tellida teenust

Pärast seda õppetundi oskad

Oskan öelda, et ma ei teinud midagi ise, vaid tellisin, — remondi, juukselõikuse, kohaletoimetamise kohta.

Alusta tundi Tuum 53 min · sammud: 6 · valikuline: +2

Väljakuulutatud tuuma aeg. Kaks tuumaplokki ei sisalda aega, seega on tegelik õppetund sellest summast pikem.

Grammatika

15 min

„Lõikasin juuksed lühikeseks“, „parandasin auto ära“, „vahetasime aknad välja“ — eesti keeles ei ole sellistest lausetest sageli näha, kas tegid seda oma kätega või maksid kellelegi. Eesti keeles saab vahet teha verbiga „laskma“ („lasin juuksed lõigata“), kuid igapäevakõnes jäetakse see tihti ära. Inglise keel teeb vahet alati. Kui töö tegi sinu palvel teine inimene — meister, juuksur, kuller —, öeldakse have + ese + kolmas vorm.

Vorm: have — MIDA — kolmas vorm. See on B1 #13 passiiv, millele on lisatud tellija: My hair was cut — „mu juuksed lõigati“ — muutub lauseks I had my hair cut — „lasin juuksed lõigata (juuksuris)“. Järjekord on range: kõigepealt have, siis ese, siis kolmas vorm. Kolmas vorm ei muutu, aega näitab have.

ajavorm näide eesti keeles
Present Simple I have my hair cut every six weeks. Lasen juukseid lõigata iga kuue nädala tagant.
Present Continuous We're having the kitchen painted. Meil värvitakse praegu kööki.
Past Simple I had my car repaired last week. Eelmisel nädalal viisin auto remonti.
Present Perfect I've just had my eyes tested. Käisin just nägemist kontrollimas.
going to We're going to have new windows put in. Kavatseme uued aknad panna lasta.
modaalverb You should have the boiler checked every year. Katelt tasub igal aastal kontrollida lasta.

Eseme võib asendada asesõnaga, ja see tuleb samale kohale: I had it cut, We had them delivered.

Eitus ja küsimus. have on siin tavaline põhiverb, nagu väljendis have breakfast. Seepärast moodustatakse eitus ja küsimus do, does, did abil: I didn't have it cut, Did you have your car repaired?, Where do you have your hair cut?, How often do you have your windows cleaned? Samal põhjusel ei lühendata had-i siin 'd-ks.

Millal kasutatakse.

Teenus: remont, juukselõikus, kohaletoimetamine, koristus. We had the sofa delivered on Saturday. — Diivan toodi meile laupäeval. Meie tellisime selle, aga vedasid teised inimesed.

Ebameeldivus, mis sinuga juhtus: They had their car stolen. — Neil varastati auto. She had her bag stolen on the train. Siin ei tellinud keegi midagi: vorm näitab lihtsalt, et kannatas inimene, mitte ainult asi.

get have-i asemel — sama asi, ainult kõnekeelsem: I need to get my phone fixed. Where did you get your hair cut? Briti kõnes on get väga sage, eriti siis, kui asja on raske korraldada või seda on kaua edasi lükatud.

Kuidas teenust tellida. Töökojas või telefonis aitavad valmis fraasid:

I'd like to have this jacket cleaned, please. Sooviksin selle pintsaku puhastusse anda.
I need to get my watch repaired. Pean oma kella parandada laskma.
How much does it cost to have a carpet cleaned? Kui palju maksab vaiba puhastamine?
How long will it take? Kui kaua see aega võtab?
When will it be ready? Millal see valmis on?

Võrdle. Kolm lauset samadest sõnadest räägivad kolmest eri asjast:

I cut my hair. Lõikasin juuksed ise, kääridega.
I had my hair cut. Mulle lõigati juuksed — juuksuris.
I had cut my hair. Lõikasin juuksed ise — enne teist sündmust (Past Perfect, B1 #1).

Kõik otsustab kolmanda vormi koht: eseme järel — teenus, kohe had-i järel — enneminevik. Ja veel üks paar: My car was repaired — auto parandati, ja pole tähtis, kes selle korraldas; I had my car repaired — viisin auto remonti.

get ilma tellijata: „minuga juhtus“. Kui asi seisab alusena ja kohe selle järel tulevad get ja kolmas vorm, saadakse kõnekeelne passiiv: My bike got stolen. — „Mul varastati jalgratas“. See on B1 #13 passiiv, ainult was-i asemel on got. Nii räägitakse sellest, mis juhtus ootamatult, enamasti ebameeldivalt: Our flight got cancelled. He got hurt in a match. I got caught in the rain. Küsimus ja eitus — do-ga: Did anyone get hurt? The parcel didn't get delivered. Kirjas ja uudistes öeldakse tavaliselt was: The flight was cancelled.

I got my bike repaired. Lasin jalgratta parandada — tehti minu jaoks, tellimuse peale.
My bike got stolen. Mul varastati jalgratas — juhtus minuga.

Esimeses lauses on get-i järel ese — see on teenus. Teises sai esemest alus, ja keegi ei tellinud midagi. Sama ebameeldivust saab väljendada ka have-ga: I had my bike stolen tähendab sama mis My bike got stolen.

Veel näiteid:

I'm having my eyes tested tomorrow. Homme lähen nägemist kontrollima.
We had the whole flat cleaned before we moved out. Enne väljakolimist tellisime kogu korteri koristuse.
She has her nails done every two weeks. Ta käib iga kahe nädala tagant maniküüris.
I've never had my photo taken by a professional. Mind pole kunagi pildistanud professionaalne fotograaf.

Nii ei öelda. ✗ I'd my hair cut yesterday → ✓ I had my hair cut yesterday. Põhiverbina had kirjutatakse ja hääldatakse täielikult.

Kontrolli ennast. Kuidas öelda „lasin oma kella parandada“ — viisid selle töökotta? Mida tähendab I had cut my hair? Kuidas küsida „Kus sa juukseid lõikamas käid?“

näita vastuseid
I had my watch repaired / I got my watch repaired; lõikasin juuksed ise, ja see oli enne teist mineviku sündmust; Where do you have your hair cut? / Where do you get your hair cut?
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Eesti keele kõneleja vead

kirjutatud sinu keele jaoks
1

Lihtne verb tellimuse asemel

I cut my hair yesterday juuksurikäigu kohta tähendab inglise keeles, et võtsid ise käärid. Vaja on I had my hair cut või I got my hair cut. Eesti „lõikasin juuksed“, „vahetasime aknad välja“ jätavad lahtiseks, kes tööd tegi, ja vahet ei tunta. Inglise keeles kannab seda vahet konstruktsioon.

2

let nagu „laskma“

✗ I let my hair cut

✗ We let the kitchen paint

✓ I had my hair cut

We had the kitchen painted. „Lasin juuksed lõigata“ tõlgitakse sõna-sõnalt, ja „laskma“ on sõnaraamatus let. Kuid let tähendab „lubama“: Let me help. Teenuse tellimist väljendavad ainult have ja get.

3

Algvorm kolmanda vormi asemel

✗ I had my car repair

✗ We're having the kitchen paint

✓ I had my car repaired

We're having the kitchen painted. Eesti „laskma“ järel on da-infinitiiv („lasin auto parandada“), ja käsi kirjutab ka inglise keeles algvormi. Kuid see on konstruktsiooni passiivne osa, ja sellele on vaja kolmandat vormi.

4

Kolmas vorm eseme ees

I had repaired my car ei ole „viisin auto remonti“, vaid „parandasin auto ise enne teist sündmust“ (Past Perfect). Teenuse puhul seisab ese kolmanda vormi ees: I had my car repaired. Eesti keeles sobivad mõlemad järjekorrad („lasin parandada auto“, „lasin auto parandada“), inglise keeles ainult üks.

5

„Tegime remonti“

✗ We made a repair in the kitchen

✓ We had the kitchen renovated / We had some work done in the kitchen

Eesti „remonti tegema“ ei ütle, kes tööd tegi, ja „tegema“ tõlgitakse make-i või do-ga. Kuid tellitud töö kohta öeldakse have + ese + kolmas vorm.

Hääldus

3 min

Põhirõhk langeb esemele, mitte verbile:

I had my hair cut. We're having the kitchen painted. I need to get my watch repaired.

Kolmas vorm kõlab vaiksemalt. Just see eristab konstruktsiooni kõrva järgi Past Perfectist, kus rõhk on põhiverbil: I'd cut my hair.

had ei sula teenuse puhul asesõnaga kokku: I had /aɪ hæd/ või /aɪ həd/, aga mitte /aɪd/. Kui kuuled /aɪd/, on see Past Perfect või would.

hairdresser's /ˈheədresəz/ — nii nimetatakse briti inglise keeles juuksurisalongi ennast: I'm going to the hairdresser's.

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Tekst

5 min

This has been a busy week in our flat. We're having the kitchen painted, so everything from the kitchen is in the hall, and we're eating in the living room.

On Monday I had the washing machine repaired. A man came at nine, changed a small part and left after twenty minutes. It cost forty pounds — less than I had expected. On Wednesday I finally had my hair cut. I hadn't had it cut since the summer, and my neighbour had started to make jokes about it.

Next month we're going to have new windows put in. The old ones are very thin, and in winter the cold comes straight through them.

There is some bad news too. Our neighbours had their car stolen last week, right outside the house. Last year their bikes got stolen from the garden too. So we've decided to have a security camera installed above the front door. This morning I rang a local company.

— Hello, I'd like to have a security camera installed. When could you do it? — We could come on Friday morning. Would nine o'clock be all right? — Perfect. And could I get the old light over the door removed at the same time? — No problem. That'll be another fifteen pounds.

Valjusti lugemine

Harjutused

30 min

1. Ava sulud:

  1. I (my hair / cut) yesterday
  2. We (the kitchen / paint) at the moment, so we're eating in the living room
  3. How often do you (your car / service)?
  4. Next month we (new windows / put in) — oleme juba otsustanud
  5. She (her bag / steal) on the train last week
  6. I've just (my eyes / test), and I need glasses
  7. You should (the boiler / check) every year
  8. Where did you (that jacket / clean)?
Näita vastuseid
had my hair cut / got my hair cut; are having the kitchen painted / 're having the kitchen painted; have your car serviced / get your car serviced; are going to have new windows put in / 're going to have new windows put in; had her bag stolen; had my eyes tested; have the boiler checked / get the boiler checked; have that jacket cleaned / get that jacket cleaned

2. Kirjuta ümber:

  1. I repaired my bike last week.
  2. She cuts her hair every six weeks.
  3. We are painting the living room.
  4. They cleaned all the windows before the party.
  5. We're going to install a new shower.
  6. Have you repaired your watch yet?
Näita vastuseid
I had my bike repaired last week / I got my bike repaired last week; She has her hair cut every six weeks / She gets her hair cut every six weeks; We are having the living room painted / We're having the living room painted / We're getting the living room painted; They had all the windows cleaned before the party / They got all the windows cleaned before the party; We're going to have a new shower installed / We are going to have a new shower installed / We're going to get a new shower installed; Have you had your watch repaired yet?

3. Teisenda küsimuseks

  1. You had your hair cut. (where)
  2. They have their windows cleaned. (how often)
  3. She had her car repaired. (üldküsimus)
  4. You're having the kitchen painted. (when)
Näita vastuseid
Where did you have your hair cut?; How often do they have their windows cleaned?; Did she have her car repaired?; When are you having the kitchen painted?

4. Vea leidmine.

  1. I had my car repair last week.
  2. I let my hair cut yesterday.
  3. Had you your car repaired?
  4. We're having painted the kitchen this week.
  5. I'd my hair cut yesterday.
  6. How often do you have cleaned your windows?
Näita vastuseid
I had my car repaired last week; I had my hair cut yesterday / I got my hair cut yesterday; Did you have your car repaired?; We're having the kitchen painted this week / We are having the kitchen painted this week; I had my hair cut yesterday; How often do you have your windows cleaned?

5. Vastavusse seadmine.

  1. I cut my hair.
  2. I had my hair cut.
  3. I had cut my hair.
  4. They had their car stolen.
Näita vastuseid
`I cut my hair.` — lõikasin juuksed ise; `I had my hair cut.` — mulle lõigati juuksed juuksuris; `I had cut my hair.` — lõikasin juuksed ise enne teist sündmust; `They had their car stolen.` — neil varastati auto

6. Kirjuta ümber kõnekeelselt:

  1. My phone was stolen on the bus.
  2. Our flight was cancelled because of the fog.
  3. Was anyone hurt in the accident?
Näita vastuseid
My phone got stolen on the bus; Our flight got cancelled because of the fog; Did anyone get hurt in the accident?

7. Tõlgi inglise keelde.

1) Käisin eile juuksuris juukseid lõikamas. 2) Meil värvitakse praegu kööki. 3) Kus sa oma autot parandada lased? 4) Mu õelt varastati bussis telefon. 5) Me kavatseme uue ukse panna lasta. 6) Kui palju maksab vaiba puhastamine?

Näita vastuseid
I had my hair cut yesterday / I got my hair cut yesterday; We're having the kitchen painted at the moment / We are having the kitchen painted now; Where do you have your car repaired? / Where do you get your car repaired?; My sister had her phone stolen on the bus / My sister's phone was stolen on the bus / My sister's phone got stolen on the bus; We're going to have a new door put in / We're going to have a new door fitted; How much does it cost to have a carpet cleaned? / How much does it cost to get a carpet cleaned?

8. Vasta täislausetega

— enda kohta. Allolevad vastused on näidis. 1) Where do you usually have your hair cut? 2) When did you last have something repaired? 3) What would you like to have done in your flat or house?

Näita vastuseid
I usually have it cut at a small hairdresser's near my office; I had my phone screen repaired last month; I'd like to have the bathroom painted and a new shower put in
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Kokkuvõte

Selles tunnis läbitud: have + ese + kolmas vorm kõigis ajavormides, eitus ja küsimus do-ga, get kõnekeelse variandina, ebameeldivuse tähendus, fraasid teenuse tellimiseks, erinevus Past Perfectist ja lihtsast passiivist; get-passiiv juhtunu kohta: My bike got stolen versus I got my bike repaired. Edasi — 15. tund: täpne ümberjutustus.

Tuumiku lõpp

Tund loetakse tehtuks, kui harjutused on sooritatud. Kõik pärast seda on valikuline.

Tund 87

valikuline

Sõnavara kaardipakki

17 sõna
  • hairdresser /ˈheədresə/ juuksur
  • haircut /ˈheəkʌt/ juukselõikus, soeng
  • repair /rɪˈpeə/ parandama, remontima
  • fix /fɪks/ parandama
  • install /ɪnˈstɔːl/ paigaldama
  • deliver /dɪˈlɪvə/ kohale toimetama
  • service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ hooldama (autot, katelt)
  • washing machine /ˈwɒʃɪŋ məˌʃiːn/ pesumasin
  • boiler /ˈbɔɪlə/ (kütte)katel
  • security camera /sɪˈkjʊərəti ˌkæmrə/ valvekaamera
  • part /pɑːt/ detail, osa
  • hall /hɔːl/ esik
  • put in /ˌpʊt ˈɪn/ sisse panema, paigaldama
  • remove /rɪˈmuːv/ eemaldama
  • nails /neɪlz/ küüned
  • neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ naaber
  • get hurt /ˌɡet ˈhɜːt/ viga saama

Kirjutamine

Viis-kuus lauset remondist või teenustest: mida sulle hiljuti tehti, mida tehakse praegu, mida kavatsed tellida. Vähemalt üks lause get-ga, üks — küsimus do- või did-ga.

Näidis

Last month we had the whole flat painted. It took a week, and it cost more than we had planned. At the moment we're having a new carpet laid in the bedroom. Next spring we're going to get the bathroom renovated. I also need to get my bike repaired — the back wheel is broken. Where do you usually have your bike repaired?

Kontroll-loend

Mustand salvestatakse selles seadmes
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Harjuta seda õppetundi teistes osades

Diktaatselle tunni põhjal Kirjuta üles see, mida kuuled. Kontroll näitab iga erinevat sõna ja kuidas. Kirjuta diktaat Valjusti lugemineselle tunni põhjal Loe tunni tekst valjusti — kõnetuvastus märgib sõnad, mida ei tuvastanud. Loe tekst ette Lugemine ja kuulamineA1–C1 Tekstid igal tasemel koos mõistmisküsimustega; transkript avaneb pärast vastamist. Proovi

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