语法 剩余核心内容 ~53 分钟

预约服务

完成本课后你将能够

能说出某件事不是自己做的，而是请人做的——修理、理发、送货。

开始课程 核心 53 分钟 · 步骤：6 · 可选：+2

标注的核心时长。核心模块中有两项未标注时长，因此实际课时比总和更长。

语法

15 分钟

“我剪头发了”“我修车了”“我们换了新窗户”——汉语这样说，听不出是你自己动手做的，还是花钱请别人做的。英语却要把这一点分清楚。如果活儿是别人应你的要求做的——师傅、理发师、快递员——就说 have + 东西 + 第三种形式。

形式：have——什么东西——第三种形式。 这就是第13课的被动语态，只是前面加上了请人做事的人： My hair was cut——“头发被剪了”——变成了 I had my hair cut——“我（在理发店）剪了头发”。顺序是固定的：先是 have，然后是东西，最后是第三种形式。第三种形式不变，时态由 have 表示。

时态 例句 中文
Present Simple I have my hair cut every six weeks. 我每六个星期理一次发。
Present Continuous We're having the kitchen painted. 我们正在请人粉刷厨房。
Past Simple I had my car repaired last week. 上星期我把车送去修了。
Present Perfect I've just had my eyes tested. 我刚去检查了视力。
going to We're going to have new windows put in. 我们打算请人装新窗户。
情态动词 You should have the boiler checked every year. 锅炉最好每年请人检查一次。

东西可以换成代词，代词也放在同一个位置：I had it cut，We had them delivered。

否定和疑问。 这里的 have 是普通的实义动词，和 have breakfast 里一样。所以否定和疑问要用 do、 does、did 构成：I didn't have it cut，Did you have your car repaired?，Where do you have your hair cut?，How often do you have your windows cleaned? 也是因为这个原因，这里的 had 不缩写成 'd。

什么时候用。

服务：修理、理发、送货、打扫。We had the sofa delivered on Saturday.——沙发星期六送到了。沙发是我们订的，送货的是别人。

发生在你身上的倒霉事：They had their car stolen.——他们的车被偷了。 She had her bag stolen on the train. 这里谁也没有请人做什么：这个结构只是表明，受损失的是人，而不仅仅是东西。

用 get 代替 have——意思一样，只是更口语化：I need to get my phone fixed. Where did you get your hair cut? 英国人很常用 get，尤其是事情不好安排，或者拖了很久才办的时候。

怎样预约服务。 在店里或者打电话时，这些现成的说法能帮上忙：

I'd like to have this jacket cleaned, please. 我想把这件外套送洗。
I need to get my watch repaired. 我得把手表拿去修一修。
How much does it cost to have a carpet cleaned? 清洗一块地毯要多少钱？
How long will it take? 需要多长时间？
When will it be ready? 什么时候能好？

比较一下。 三个句子，用的词相同，说的却是三件不同的事：

I cut my hair. 我自己用剪刀剪了头发。
I had my hair cut. 我请人剪了头发——在理发店。
I had cut my hair. 我自己剪了头发——在另一件事之前（过去完成时，第1课）。

一切取决于第三种形式的位置：在东西后面——是服务；紧跟在 had 后面——是过去完成时。还有一对：My car was repaired——车修好了，谁安排的不重要； I had my car repaired——我把车送去修了。

没有请人的 get：“我遇上了这种事”。 如果东西作主语，紧跟着 get 和第三种形式，就成了口语里的被动语态：My bike got stolen.——“我的自行车被偷了。”这就是第13课的被动语态，只是把 was 换成了 got。说的是突然发生、多半是不愉快的事：Our flight got cancelled. He got hurt in a match. I got caught in the rain. 疑问和否定用 do：Did anyone get hurt? The parcel didn't get delivered. 书面语和新闻里一般用 was：The flight was cancelled.

I got my bike repaired. 我把自行车送去修了——别人按我的要求修的。
My bike got stolen. 我的自行车被偷了——这事落到了我头上。

第一句里 get 后面是东西——这是服务。第二句里东西成了主语，谁也没有请人做什么。同样的倒霉事也可以用 have 来说：I had my bike stolen 和 My bike got stolen 意思一样。

更多例句：

I'm having my eyes tested tomorrow. 明天我去检查视力。
We had the whole flat cleaned before we moved out. 搬走之前，我们请人把整套公寓打扫了一遍。
She has her nails done every two weeks. 她每两个星期做一次美甲。
I've never had my photo taken by a professional. 我从来没请专业摄影师给我拍过照。

不能这样说。 ✗ I'd my hair cut yesterday → ✓ I had my hair cut yesterday。实义动词 had 要完整地写出来，也要完整地读出来。

自我检测。 “我的手表修好了”——是你送到店里修的——英语怎么说？I had cut my hair 是什么意思？ “你在哪儿理发？”英语怎么问？

显示答案
I had my watch repaired / I got my watch repaired; 我自己剪了头发，而且是在过去另一件事之前; Where do you have your hair cut? / Where do you get your hair cut?
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中文母语者的常见错误

已针对你的语言编写
1

用简单的动词说请人做的事。

说去理发店，却说 I cut my hair yesterday——英语里这表示你自己拿起了剪刀。要说 I had my hair cut 或 I got my hair cut。汉语的“我剪头发了”“我修车了”不说是谁做的； “做头发”“做指甲”在汉语里本来就是去店里，可是 I did my nails 是自己做的。在英语里，请人做事要靠 have 或 get 这个结构。

2

第三种形式放在东西前面。

I had repaired my car 不是“把车送去修了”，而是“在另一件事之前我自己修好了车”（过去完成时）。汉语“修了车”“刷了厨房”是动词在前、东西在后，于是第三种形式就跑到了前面。请人做事时，东西要放在第三种形式前面：I had my car repaired。

3

用原形代替第三种形式。

✗ I had my car repair，✗ We're having the kitchen paint → ✓ I had my car repaired，We're having the kitchen painted。汉语动词没有词形变化，时态又已经由 have 表示了，第二个动词就容易保持原样。可是这是结构里的被动部分，需要第三种形式。

4

受害人作被动句的主语。

✗ She was stolen her bag on the train

✓ She had her bag stolen on the train / Her bag was stolen on the train

。汉语说“她在火车上被偷了包”，受害人作主语，东西放在后面。英语被动句不能这样：想让人作主语，就用 have + 东西 + 第三种形式。

发音

3 分钟

主要重音落在东西上，而不是动词上：

I had my hair cut. We're having the kitchen painted. I need to get my watch repaired.

第三种形式读得轻一些。这一点能让你在听的时候把这个结构和过去完成时区分开：过去完成时的重音在实义动词上：I'd cut my hair。

表示服务的 had 不和代词连读： I had 读 /aɪ hæd/ 或 /aɪ həd/，但不读 /aɪd/。如果听到 /aɪd/，那就是过去完成时或者 would。

hairdresser's /ˈheədresəz/——英式英语用这个词表示理发店本身： I'm going to the hairdresser's。

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课文

5 分钟

This has been a busy week in our flat. We're having the kitchen painted, so everything from the kitchen is in the hall, and we're eating in the living room.

On Monday I had the washing machine repaired. A man came at nine, changed a small part and left after twenty minutes. It cost forty pounds — less than I had expected. On Wednesday I finally had my hair cut. I hadn't had it cut since the summer, and my neighbour had started to make jokes about it.

Next month we're going to have new windows put in. The old ones are very thin, and in winter the cold comes straight through them.

There is some bad news too. Our neighbours had their car stolen last week, right outside the house. Last year their bikes got stolen from the garden too. So we've decided to have a security camera installed above the front door. This morning I rang a local company.

— Hello, I'd like to have a security camera installed. When could you do it? — We could come on Friday morning. Would nine o'clock be all right? — Perfect. And could I get the old light over the door removed at the same time? — No problem. That'll be another fifteen pounds.

朗读

练习

30 分钟

1. 把括号里的词变成正确形式：

  1. I (my hair / cut) yesterday
  2. We (the kitchen / paint) at the moment, so we're eating in the living room
  3. How often do you (your car / service)?
  4. Next month we (new windows / put in)——我们已经决定了。
  5. She (her bag / steal) on the train last week
  6. I've just (my eyes / test), and I need glasses
  7. You should (the boiler / check) every year
  8. Where did you (that jacket / clean)?
显示答案
had my hair cut / got my hair cut; are having the kitchen painted / 're having the kitchen painted; have your car serviced / get your car serviced; are going to have new windows put in / 're going to have new windows put in; had her bag stolen; had my eyes tested; have the boiler checked / get the boiler checked; have that jacket cleaned / get that jacket cleaned

2. 改写：

  1. I repaired my bike last week.
  2. She cuts her hair every six weeks.
  3. We are painting the living room.
  4. They cleaned all the windows before the party.
  5. We're going to install a new shower.
  6. Have you repaired your watch yet?
显示答案
I had my bike repaired last week / I got my bike repaired last week; She has her hair cut every six weeks / She gets her hair cut every six weeks; We are having the living room painted / We're having the living room painted / We're getting the living room painted; They had all the windows cleaned before the party / They got all the windows cleaned before the party; We're going to have a new shower installed / We are going to have a new shower installed / We're going to get a new shower installed; Have you had your watch repaired yet?

3. 用括号里的词改成疑问句。

  1. You had your hair cut. (where)
  2. They have their windows cleaned. (how often)
  3. She had her car repaired. (一般疑问句)
  4. You're having the kitchen painted. (when)
显示答案
Where did you have your hair cut?; How often do they have their windows cleaned?; Did she have her car repaired?; When are you having the kitchen painted?

4. 找出错误并改正。

  1. I had my car repair last week.
  2. I made my hair cut yesterday.
  3. Had you your car repaired?
  4. We're having painted the kitchen this week.
  5. I'd my hair cut yesterday.
  6. How often do you have cleaned your windows?
显示答案
I had my car repaired last week; I had my hair cut yesterday / I got my hair cut yesterday; Did you have your car repaired?; We're having the kitchen painted this week / We are having the kitchen painted this week; I had my hair cut yesterday; How often do you have your windows cleaned?

5. 配对。

  1. I cut my hair.
  2. I had my hair cut.
  3. I had cut my hair.
  4. They had their car stolen.
显示答案
`I cut my hair.` — 自己剪了头发; `I had my hair cut.` — 在理发店请人剪了头发; `I had cut my hair.` — 在另一件事之前自己剪了头发; `They had their car stolen.` — 他们的车被偷了

6. 改成口语说法：

  1. My phone was stolen on the bus.
  2. Our flight was cancelled because of the fog.
  3. Was anyone hurt in the accident?
显示答案
My phone got stolen on the bus; Our flight got cancelled because of the fog; Did anyone get hurt in the accident?

7. 译成英语。

1) 我昨天去理发店剪了头发。 2) 我们家正在请人粉刷厨房。 3) 你的车一般在哪儿修？ 4) 我姐姐的手机在公交车上被偷了。 5) 我们打算请人装一扇新门。 6) 请人清洗一块地毯要多少钱？

显示答案
I had my hair cut yesterday / I got my hair cut yesterday; We're having the kitchen painted at the moment / We are having the kitchen painted now; Where do you have your car repaired? / Where do you get your car repaired?; My sister had her phone stolen on the bus / My sister's phone was stolen on the bus / My sister's phone got stolen on the bus; We're going to have a new door put in / We're going to have a new door fitted; How much does it cost to have a carpet cleaned? / How much does it cost to get a carpet cleaned?

8. 用完整的句子回答

——说说你自己。下面的答案是范例。 1) Where do you usually have your hair cut? 2) When did you last have something repaired? 3) What would you like to have done in your flat or house?

显示答案
I usually have it cut at a small hairdresser's near my office; I had my phone screen repaired last month; I'd like to have the bathroom painted and a new shower put in
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小结

本课已学：各种时态的 have + 东西 + 第三种形式，用 do 构成的否定和疑问，口语里的 get，表示倒霉事的用法，预约服务的现成说法，和过去完成时、和普通被动语态的区别；表示遭遇的 get 被动语态： My bike got stolen 对比 I got my bike repaired。下一课——第15课：准确地转述。

核心内容结束

完成练习后即视为课程结束。此后的内容均为可选。

第 87 课

可选

词卡词汇

17 词
  • hairdresser /ˈheədresə/ 理发师
  • haircut /ˈheəkʌt/ 理发，发型
  • repair /rɪˈpeə/ 修理
  • fix /fɪks/ 修理，修好
  • install /ɪnˈstɔːl/ 安装
  • deliver /dɪˈlɪvə/ 送（货），投递
  • service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ 检修，保养（汽车、锅炉）
  • washing machine /ˈwɒʃɪŋ məˌʃiːn/ 洗衣机
  • boiler /ˈbɔɪlə/ （供暖）锅炉
  • security camera /sɪˈkjʊərəti ˌkæmrə/ 监控摄像头
  • part /pɑːt/ 零件
  • hall /hɔːl/ 门厅
  • put in /ˌpʊt ˈɪn/ 安装，装上
  • remove /rɪˈmuːv/ 拆掉，移走
  • nails /neɪlz/ 指甲
  • neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ 邻居
  • get hurt /ˌɡet ˈhɜːt/ 受伤

写作

写五六个句子，说说装修或者各种服务：最近别人为你做了什么，现在正在做什么，打算请人做什么。至少有一个句子用 get，一个是用 do 或 did 构成的疑问句。

范例： Last month we had the whole flat painted. It took a week, and it cost more than we had planned. At the moment we're having a new carpet laid in the bedroom. Next spring we're going to get the bathroom renovated. I also need to get my bike repaired — the back wheel is broken. Where do you usually have your bike repaired?

检查清单：顺序是 have——东西——第三种形式吗？时态由 have 表示吗？疑问和否定里有 do、does 或 did 吗？had 没有缩写成 'd 吧？

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在其他板块练习本课内容

听写基于本课 写下您听到的内容。检查会显示每个不同的单词及其差异。 听写练习 朗读基于本课 朗读课程文本——语音识别会高亮未识别的单词。 朗读课文 阅读与听力A1–C1 各水平文本附理解题；回答后即可查看文本。 立即试用

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