Gramatika ~53 min ng core ang natitira

Magpagawa ng serbisyo sa iba

Pagkatapos ng araling ito, maaari mong

Kaya kong sabihin na hindi ako mismo ang gumawa ng isang bagay kundi ipinagawa ko ito — pagkukumpuni, gupit, paghahatid.

Simulan ang aralin Pangunahin 53 min · hakbang: 6 · opsyonal: +2

Inihayag na oras ng pangunahing bahagi. Dalawa sa mga pangunahing bloke ay walang numero, kaya mas mahaba ang tunay na aralin kaysa sa kabuuan nito.

Gramatika

15 min

“Nagpagupit ako”, “ipinaayos ko ang kotse”, “nagpakabit kami ng mga bagong bintana” — sa Tagalog, ipinapakita ng panlaping pa- na hindi kayo mismo ang gumawa: “ginupit ko ang buhok ko” — ako mismo; “nagpagupit ako” — iba ang gumupit. May ganitong pagkakaiba rin sa Ingles, pero walang panlapi para rito. Kung ibang tao ang gumawa ng trabaho ayon sa hiling ninyo — technician, tagagupit, kurier — have + bagay + ikatlong anyo ang sinasabi.

Anyo: have — ANO — ikatlong anyo. Ito ang tinig na balintiyak mula sa B1 #13, na dinagdagan ng nagpagawa: ang My hair was cut — “ginupitan ako” — ay nagiging I had my hair cut — “nagpagupit ako (sa barberya o salon)”. Mahigpit ang pagkakasunod: una ang have, pagkatapos ang bagay, pagkatapos ang ikatlong anyo. Hindi nagbabago ang ikatlong anyo; have ang nagpapakita ng panahunan.

panahunan halimbawa sa Tagalog
Present Simple I have my hair cut every six weeks. Nagpapagupit ako tuwing anim na linggo.
Present Continuous We're having the kitchen painted. Ipinapapintura namin ngayon ang kusina.
Past Simple I had my car repaired last week. Ipinaayos ko ang kotse ko noong isang linggo.
Present Perfect I've just had my eyes tested. Katatapos ko lang magpatingin ng mata.
going to We're going to have new windows put in. Magpapakabit kami ng mga bagong bintana.
pandiwang modal You should have the boiler checked every year. Dapat ipasuri ang boiler taon-taon.

Puwedeng palitan ng panghalip ang bagay, at sa parehong puwesto ito pumupuwesto: I had it cut, We had them delivered.

Negatibo at tanong. Karaniwang pangunahing pandiwa rito ang have, gaya ng sa have breakfast. Kaya binubuo ang negatibo at tanong gamit ang do, does, did: I didn't have it cut, Did you have your car repaired?, Where do you have your hair cut?, How often do you have your windows cleaned? Sa parehong dahilan, hindi pinaiikli rito ang had sa 'd.

Kailan ginagamit.

Serbisyo: pagkukumpuni, gupit, paghahatid, paglilinis. We had the sofa delivered on Saturday. — Inihatid sa amin ang sofa noong Sabado. Kami ang umorder nito, pero iba ang naghatid.

Problemang nangyari sa inyo: They had their car stolen. — Ninakaw ang kotse nila. She had her bag stolen on the train. Dito, walang umorder ng anuman: ipinapakita lang ng anyo na tao ang napinsala, hindi lang ang bagay.

get sa halip na have — pareho ang kahulugan, mas pang-usap lang: I need to get my phone fixed. Where did you get your hair cut? Napakadalas ng get sa British na pananalita, lalo na kapag mahirap ayusin ang bagay o matagal itong ipinagpaliban.

Paano magpagawa ng serbisyo. Sa repair shop o sa telepono, makatutulong ang mga handang pahayag:

I'd like to have this jacket cleaned, please. Gusto ko sanang ipalinis ang jacket na ito.
I need to get my watch repaired. Kailangan kong ipaayos ang relo ko.
How much does it cost to have a carpet cleaned? Magkano ang magpalinis ng karpet?
How long will it take? Gaano ito katagal?
When will it be ready? Kailan ito magiging handa?

Paghambingin. Tatlong pangungusap mula sa iisang mga salita, tungkol sa tatlong magkaibang bagay:

I cut my hair. Ako mismo ang gumupit ng buhok ko, gamit ang gunting.
I had my hair cut. Nagpagupit ako — sa barberya o salon.
I had cut my hair. Ako mismo ang gumupit — bago ang ibang pangyayari (Past Perfect, B1 #1).

Nasa puwesto ng ikatlong anyo ang lahat: pagkatapos ng bagay — serbisyo, kasunod agad ng had — Past Perfect. At isa pang pares: My car was repaired — naayos ang kotse, at hindi mahalaga kung sino ang nag-asikaso; I had my car repaired — ipinaayos ko ito.

get nang walang nagpagawa: “nangyari sa akin”. Kung ang bagay ang simuno at kasunod agad nito ang get at ikatlong anyo, pang-usap na tinig na balintiyak ang lumalabas: My bike got stolen. — “Nanakaw ang bisikleta ko.” Ito ang tinig na balintiyak mula sa B1 #13, pero got sa halip na was. Ganito sinasabi ang nangyari nang hindi inaasahan, kadalasan ay hindi kanais-nais: Our flight got cancelled. He got hurt in a match. I got caught in the rain. Tanong at negatibo — gamit ang do: Did anyone get hurt? The parcel didn't get delivered. Sa pagsulat at sa balita, karaniwang was ang ginagamit: The flight was cancelled.

I got my bike repaired. Ipinaayos ko ang bisikleta — ginawa ito para sa akin, ayon sa order.
My bike got stolen. Nanakaw ang bisikleta ko — nangyari ito sa akin.

Sa unang pangungusap, may bagay pagkatapos ng get — serbisyo ito. Sa ikalawa, naging simuno ang bagay, at walang nagpagawa ng anuman. Ang parehong problema ay masasabi rin gamit ang have: pareho ang ibig sabihin ng I had my bike stolen at ng My bike got stolen.

Iba pang halimbawa:

I'm having my eyes tested tomorrow. Bukas, magpapatingin ako ng mata.
We had the whole flat cleaned before we moved out. Bago kami umalis, ipinalinis namin ang buong apartment.
She has her nails done every two weeks. Nagpapa-manicure siya tuwing dalawang linggo.
I've never had my photo taken by a professional. Hindi pa ako kinunan ng litrato ng isang propesyonal na potograpo kahit minsan.

Hindi ganito ang sinasabi. ✗ I'd my hair cut yesterday → ✓ I had my hair cut yesterday. Buong isinusulat at binibigkas ang pangunahing pandiwang had.

Subukin ang sarili. Paano sasabihin ang “Ipinaayos ko ang relo ko” — dinala ninyo ito sa repair shop? Ano ang ibig sabihin ng I had cut my hair? Paano itatanong ang “Saan ka nagpapagupit?”

ipakita ang mga sagot
I had my watch repaired / I got my watch repaired; ako mismo ang gumupit ng buhok ko, at nangyari ito bago ang ibang pangyayari sa nakaraan; Where do you have your hair cut? / Where do you get your hair cut?
Patalastas

Mga mali ng mga nagsasalita ng Filipino

isinulat para sa iyong wika
1

Batayang anyo sa halip na ikatlo

✗ I had my car repair

✗ We're having the kitchen paint

✓ I had my car repaired

We're having the kitchen painted. Sa “ipinaayos”, “ipinapapintura”, panlapi ang gumagawa ng lahat, at hindi nagbabago ang ugat. Parang naipakita na ng have ang panahunan, kaya iniiwan ang ikalawang pandiwa nang walang pagbabago. Pero bahaging balintiyak ito ng pahayag, at ikatlong anyo ang kailangan nito. Madali ring mawala ang -ed sa bigkas — at pagkatapos, pati sa pagsulat.

2

Ikatlong anyo bago ang bagay

I had repaired my car — hindi ito “ipinaayos ko”, kundi “ako mismo ang nag-ayos ng kotse bago ang ibang pangyayari” (Past Perfect). Para sa serbisyo, nauuna ang bagay sa ikatlong anyo: I had my car repaired. Sa “Nagpaayos ako ng kotse”, nauuna ang pandiwa sa bagay, kaya napupunta ang ikatlong anyo kasunod agad ng had.

3

Pangnagdaan pagkatapos ng did

✗ Did you had your car repaired?

✗ I didn't had it cut

✓ Did you have your car repaired?

I didn't have it cut. Sa Tagalog, iisang pandiwa ang nagdadala ng aspekto (“Ipinaayos mo ba?”), kaya gustong ilagay ang pangnagdaan sa have mismo. Pero pangunahing pandiwa ang have dito: did ang bumubuo ng tanong at negatibo at nagdadala ng pangnagdaan, at batayang have ang kasunod nito. Hindi rin ✗ Had you your car repaired?: nauuna ang have sa perfect, pero hindi rito.

Pagbigkas

3 min

Nasa bagay ang pangunahing diin, hindi sa pandiwa:

I had my hair cut. We're having the kitchen painted. I need to get my watch repaired.

Mas mahina ang tunog ng ikatlong anyo. Ito ang nagpapaiba sa pahayag, sa pakikinig, mula sa Past Perfect, kung saan nasa pangunahing pandiwa ang diin: I'd cut my hair.

Hindi sumasama sa panghalip ang had ng serbisyo: I had /aɪ hæd/ o /aɪ həd/, pero hindi /aɪd/. Kung /aɪd/ ang naririnig ninyo, Past Perfect iyon o would.

hairdresser's /ˈheədresəz/ — ganito tinatawag sa British English ang mismong salon: I'm going to the hairdresser's.

Patalastas

Teksto

5 min

This has been a busy week in our flat. We're having the kitchen painted, so everything from the kitchen is in the hall, and we're eating in the living room.

On Monday I had the washing machine repaired. A man came at nine, changed a small part and left after twenty minutes. It cost forty pounds — less than I had expected. On Wednesday I finally had my hair cut. I hadn't had it cut since the summer, and my neighbour had started to make jokes about it.

Next month we're going to have new windows put in. The old ones are very thin, and in winter the cold comes straight through them.

There is some bad news too. Our neighbours had their car stolen last week, right outside the house. Last year their bikes got stolen from the garden too. So we've decided to have a security camera installed above the front door. This morning I rang a local company.

— Hello, I'd like to have a security camera installed. When could you do it? — We could come on Friday morning. Would nine o'clock be all right? — Perfect. And could I get the old light over the door removed at the same time? — No problem. That'll be another fifteen pounds.

Pagbasa nang malakas

Mga pagsasanay

30 min

1. Buksan ang panaklong:

  1. I (my hair / cut) yesterday
  2. We (the kitchen / paint) at the moment, so we're eating in the living room
  3. How often do you (your car / service)?
  4. Next month we (new windows / put in) — napagpasyahan na namin
  5. She (her bag / steal) on the train last week
  6. I've just (my eyes / test), and I need glasses
  7. You should (the boiler / check) every year
  8. Where did you (that jacket / clean)?
Ipakita ang mga sagot
had my hair cut / got my hair cut; are having the kitchen painted / 're having the kitchen painted; have your car serviced / get your car serviced; are going to have new windows put in / 're going to have new windows put in; had her bag stolen; had my eyes tested; have the boiler checked / get the boiler checked; have that jacket cleaned / get that jacket cleaned

2. Isulat muli:

  1. I repaired my bike last week.
  2. She cuts her hair every six weeks.
  3. We are painting the living room.
  4. They cleaned all the windows before the party.
  5. We're going to install a new shower.
  6. Have you repaired your watch yet?
Ipakita ang mga sagot
I had my bike repaired last week / I got my bike repaired last week; She has her hair cut every six weeks / She gets her hair cut every six weeks; We are having the living room painted / We're having the living room painted / We're getting the living room painted; They had all the windows cleaned before the party / They got all the windows cleaned before the party; We're going to have a new shower installed / We are going to have a new shower installed / We're going to get a new shower installed; Have you had your watch repaired yet?

3. Pagbabago ng anyo: gawing tanong

  1. You had your hair cut. (where)
  2. They have their windows cleaned. (how often)
  3. She had her car repaired. (tanong na oo o hindi)
  4. You're having the kitchen painted. (when)
Ipakita ang mga sagot
Where did you have your hair cut?; How often do they have their windows cleaned?; Did she have her car repaired?; When are you having the kitchen painted?

4. Paghahanap ng mali.

  1. I had my car repair last week.
  2. I made my hair cut yesterday.
  3. Had you your car repaired?
  4. We're having painted the kitchen this week.
  5. I'd my hair cut yesterday.
  6. How often do you have cleaned your windows?
Ipakita ang mga sagot
I had my car repaired last week; I had my hair cut yesterday / I got my hair cut yesterday; Did you have your car repaired?; We're having the kitchen painted this week / We are having the kitchen painted this week; I had my hair cut yesterday; How often do you have your windows cleaned?

5. Pagtutugma.

  1. I cut my hair.
  2. I had my hair cut.
  3. I had cut my hair.
  4. They had their car stolen.
Ipakita ang mga sagot
`I cut my hair.` — ako mismo ang gumupit; `I had my hair cut.` — ginupitan ako sa barberya o salon; `I had cut my hair.` — ako mismo ang gumupit bago ang ibang pangyayari; `They had their car stolen.` — ninakaw ang kotse nila

6. Isulat muli sa paraang pang-usap:

  1. My phone was stolen on the bus.
  2. Our flight was cancelled because of the fog.
  3. Was anyone hurt in the accident?
Ipakita ang mga sagot
My phone got stolen on the bus; Our flight got cancelled because of the fog; Did anyone get hurt in the accident?

7. Isalin sa Ingles.

1) Nagpagupit ako kahapon. 2) Ipinapapintura namin ngayon ang kusina. 3) Saan mo ipinapaayos ang kotse mo? 4) Ninakawan ng telepono ang kapatid kong babae sa bus. 5) Balak naming magpakabit ng bagong pinto. 6) Magkano ang magpalinis ng karpet?

Ipakita ang mga sagot
I had my hair cut yesterday / I got my hair cut yesterday; We're having the kitchen painted at the moment / We are having the kitchen painted now; Where do you have your car repaired? / Where do you get your car repaired?; My sister had her phone stolen on the bus / My sister's phone was stolen on the bus / My sister's phone got stolen on the bus; We're going to have a new door put in / We're going to have a new door fitted; How much does it cost to have a carpet cleaned? / How much does it cost to get a carpet cleaned?

8. Sagutin nang buong pangungusap

— tungkol sa inyong sarili. Halimbawa lang ang mga sagot sa ibaba. 1) Where do you usually have your hair cut? 2) When did you last have something repaired? 3) What would you like to have done in your flat or house?

Ipakita ang mga sagot
I usually have it cut at a small hairdresser's near my office; I had my phone screen repaired last month; I'd like to have the bathroom painted and a new shower put in
Patalastas

Buod

Natalakay: have + bagay + ikatlong anyo sa lahat ng panahunan, negatibo at tanong gamit ang do, ang get bilang anyong pang-usap, ang kahulugang “problemang nangyari sa akin”, mga pahayag sa pagpapagawa ng serbisyo, ang pagkakaiba sa Past Perfect at sa simpleng tinig na balintiyak; ang get na balintiyak tungkol sa nangyari: My bike got stolen laban sa I got my bike repaired. Susunod — aralin 15: eksaktong pag-uulat ng sinabi ng iba.

Dulo ng core

Itinuturing na tapos ang aralin kapag nagawa na ang mga ehersisyo. Lahat pagkatapos nito ay opsyonal.

Aralin 87

opsyonal

Bokabularyo para sa deck

17 salita
  • hairdresser /ˈheədresə/ tagagupit ng buhok, hairdresser
  • haircut /ˈheəkʌt/ gupit
  • repair /rɪˈpeə/ kumpunihin, ayusin
  • fix /fɪks/ ayusin, kumpunihin
  • install /ɪnˈstɔːl/ ikabit, i-install
  • deliver /dɪˈlɪvə/ ihatid, i-deliver
  • service /ˈsɜːvɪs/ i-service, regular na suriin (kotse, boiler)
  • washing machine /ˈwɒʃɪŋ məˌʃiːn/ washing machine, makinang panlaba
  • boiler /ˈbɔɪlə/ boiler (pampainit ng tubig sa bahay)
  • security camera /sɪˈkjʊərəti ˌkæmrə/ security camera, CCTV
  • part /pɑːt/ piyesa
  • hall /hɔːl/ pasilyo sa may pinto ng bahay
  • put in /ˌpʊt ˈɪn/ ikabit, ilagay
  • remove /rɪˈmuːv/ tanggalin, alisin
  • nails /neɪlz/ mga kuko
  • neighbour /ˈneɪbə/ kapitbahay
  • get hurt /ˌɡet ˈhɜːt/ masaktan, masugatan

Pagsulat

Lima o anim na pangungusap tungkol sa pagkukumpuni o mga serbisyo: ano ang ipinagawa ninyo kamakailan, ano ang ipinapagawa ngayon, ano ang balak ninyong ipagawa. Kahit isang pangungusap na may get, at isang tanong na may do o did.

Halimbawa

Last month we had the whole flat painted. It took a week, and it cost more than we had planned. At the moment we're having a new carpet laid in the bedroom. Next spring we're going to get the bathroom renovated. I also need to get my bike repaired — the back wheel is broken. Where do you usually have your bike repaired?

Checklist

Nai-save ang draft sa device na ito
Patalastas

Magsanay sa araling ito sa iba pang mga seksyon

Diktasyonbatay sa araling ito Isulat ang naririnig mo. Ipinapakita ng tsek ang bawat salitang iba, at paano. Isulat ang dikta Pagbasa nang malakasbatay sa araling ito Basahin nang malakas ang teksto ng aralin — itinatampok ng speech recognition ang mga salitang hindi nito nahuli. Basahin nang malakas ang teksto Pagbasa at pakikinigA1–C1 Mga teksto sa bawat antas na may mga tanong sa pag-unawa; bubukas ang transcript pagkatapos mong sagutin. Subukan

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